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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nutrient |
A a chemical in food, used for energy, growth, body building, or cell repair |
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Macromineral |
A mineral that the body requires in the amount of 100mg/day or more in order to maintain health |
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Trace Element |
A mineral that the body requires in the amount of less than 100mg/day in order maintain health |
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Enzyme |
A special protein molecule that regulates chemical reactions in living organisms |
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Vitamin |
A molecule that helps enzymes function in the body |
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Protein |
A organic nutrient composed of a chain of amino acids |
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Lipid |
An organic nutrient that does not dissolve in water |
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Carbohydrate |
An organic nutrient made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
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Biomagnification/ Biological Magnification |
The process whereby chemicals accumulate in the tissues of organisms along the food chain |
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Herbicide |
A chemical used to control weeds |
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Insecticide |
A chemical used to control insects |
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Fungicide |
A chemical used to controlmoulds or fungi |
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Pesticide |
A chemical used to control "pests" |
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Acidic |
Having a PH value less than 7 |
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Basic |
Having a PH value more than 7 |
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Acid |
A chemical that produces an acidic substance, having a PH value of less than 7 |
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Base |
A chemical that produces a basic substance, having a PH value of more than 7 |
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Acid precipitation |
Rain or snow containing acid compounds from the air |
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Indicator |
A chemical that changes color to indicate whether a substance is an acid or a base |
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Litmus |
A mixture of plant compounds used as a chemical indicator |
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Oxidation |
A chemical reaction in which oxygen combines with other elements to form new substances |
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pH scale |
A scale that measures the acidity or alkalinity of a substance |
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pH paper |
Paper saturated with a chemical to show whether a substance is acidic or basic |
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Acid-base Neutralization |
The combining of an acid and a base to produce salt and water |
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Leach |
Dissolves in water and the water seeps downward |
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Heavy Metal |
A metal with a high density (usually over 4.0g/ml) |
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Liming |
The process of adding calcium carbonate to the environment |
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Catalyst |
A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being used up in a reaction |
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Catalytic Conberter |
A device that encourages complete oxidation during combustion |
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Scrubber |
A device that uses a sorbent to reduce oxide emissions |
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Pollutant |
Any material, or form of energy, that will cause harm to a living organism. |
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Pollution |
An alteration of the environment producing a condition harmful to living things |
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Toxicity |
The ability of a chemical to cause harm to an organism |
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Acute toxicity |
The ability of a chemical to cause harm to an organism with only one exposure |
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Chronic toxicity |
The ability of a chemical to cause harm to an organism only after the chemical accumulates to a specific level after many exposures over time |
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LD50 |
The dose of a chemical that will kill 50% of the population to which it is applied |
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Non-peristent wastes |
Watses that can be broken down into simple non-polluting compounds by naturally occuring chemical reactions or bacterial action |
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Persistent wastes |
Watses that accumulate in the environment and break down very slowly, if at all |
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Biological Indicator |
A living organism whose state is indicative of conditions in a particular environment |
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Macroinvertebrate |
An organism visible to the unaided eye and lacking a backbone |
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Point source |
A specific location where pollution originates |
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Non-point source |
A source of pollution in which pollutants are diffuse and originate from no specific location |
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Ground water |
Water that filters down through soil and fills spaces in the ground |
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Aquifier |
An underwater reserve of water |
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Biodegradable |
Able to be broken down by bacteria, fungi, and other simple organisms into carbon dioxide and water |
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Hazardous |
Containing substances that are poisonous, corrosive, flammable, or explosive |
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Solvent |
A substance that can be used to desolve another substance |
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Sanitary landfill |
A landfill incorporating a waterproof liner filled with compacted garbage, covered with earth |
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Leachate |
The liquid that results as wastes decompose and rainwater filters down into the landfill |
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Secure landfill |
A specialized landfill that safely disposes of hazardous and toxic wastes |
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Bioremediation |
A method of using living organisms to break down complex, toxic substances into simpler, nob-toxic ones |
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Bioreactor |
A tank containing bacteria in appropriate conditions for bioremediation to occur |
