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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cattle Industry |
Lasted only about 20 years due to overgrazing, blizzards, and barbed-wire |
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Timber Industry |
Began in Washington and Oregon |
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Oil Discovered |
1890s in Texas, California, Kansas and Indian Territory |
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Homestead Act |
1860: 160-acre parcels |
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Oklahoma Territory |
Opened in 1889, full in a day |
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Government Policy toward Native Americans |
Focused on relocation to reservations; in the 1880s moved to assimilation |
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Frontier Closed |
1890 |
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Frederick Jackson Turner |
wrote a book describing how the western frontier had shaped America 1893 |
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Transcontinental Railroad |
completed at Promontory Point, Utah in 1869 |
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Oil Industry |
John D. Rockefellar |
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Steel Industry |
Andrew Carnegie |
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Vertical Integration |
controlling all steps of a business process |
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Horizontal Integration |
eliminating competition in an industry |
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Knights of Labor |
Founded by Pennsylvania textile workers and run by Terrence Powderly, welcomed al workers, 700,000 total. Worked for equal pay, 8-hr days, equality for women, & elimination of child labor |
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Haymarket Riot |
1886; made the public oppose Labor Unions. Wrongly identified the Knights of Labor with anarchists, causing a decline in union membership |
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American Federation of Labor |
Samuel Gompers created an alliance of craft unions that bargained for wages, working conditions, and the length of the work day. Stayed out of politics. Only one left by WWI |
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Railroad Union |
Formed by Eugene Debs which included skilled and unskilled railroad workers. Organized Pullman Strikes which eventually landed Debs in jail. |
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Industrial Workers of the World |
offered alternatives such as seeking ownership of the means of production and the formation of one large union for all workers (Wobblies) |
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Immigrants |
came to the United States due to decline of small farms in Europe, famine, and religious persecution, and abundant work, cheap food and land, and political tolerance of religious minorities in US. |
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Irish |
large northeastern cities |
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German and Scandinavian |
cities and farms of the Midwest |
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Eastern and Southern Europeans |
mostly in the Northeast |
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Eastern European Jews |
mainly in New York City |
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Chinese and Japanese |
the West Coast and the West |
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Century of Immigration |
first wave from about 1820 to 1840 and was made up mostly of immigrants from northern and central Europe; second from 1880 to 1924, and was dominated by southern and eastern Europeans |
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Castle Garden |
first official immigration center, replaced by Ellis Island; treated fairly well, submitted to interviews and physical examinations, and were processed relatively quickly |
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Angel Island |
Located inSan Francisco, processed immigrants from China and Japan; treated poorly, were processed slowly, and often were turned back |
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Dillingham Commission |
issued a report that denigrated immigrants from eastern and southern Europe and prepared public opinion to support new anti-immigration laws in 1920 and 1924 |
