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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Premature Ventricular Complexes (PVCs) |
Rate: usually with/in normal range, but depends on underlying rhythm
Rhythm: Essentially regular with premature beats; if the PVC is an interpolate PVC, the rhythm will be regular
P waves: usually absent or, with retrograde conduction to the atria, may appear after the QRS (usually upright in the ST segment or T wave)
PR interval: none with the PVC because the ectopic originates in the ventricles
QRS duration: ususally 0.12 sec or greater, wide and bizarre; T wave usually in opposite direction of QRS complex |
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Pairs (couplet) |
two premature PVC beats in a row |
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Runs or Bursts |
three or more premature beats in a row |
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Bigeminy |
Every other beat is a premature beat |
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Trigeminy |
every third beat is a premature beat |
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quadrigeminy |
every fourth beat is a premature beat |
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Uniforms PVCs (unifocal) |
premature ventricular beats that look the same in the same lead and originate from the same anatomical site (focus) |
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Multiform PVCs (multifocal) |
-PVCs that appear different from one another in the same lead
- Often (but not always) arise from ifferent anatomical sites (drop really low and spike really high) |
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Ventricular Escape Rhythm / Idioventricular Rhythm |
Rate: 20-40 bpm
Rhythm: essentially regular
P waves: usually absent or, w/ retrograde conduction to the atria, may appear after the QRS (usually upright in ST segment or T wave)
PR interval: None
QRS duration: 0.12 sec or greater, T wave frequently in opposite direction of QRS complex |
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Ventricular Escape Rhythm / Idioventricular Rhythm |
1 or more ventricular escape beats occurring in a row at a rate of 20-40 bpm |
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Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm |
Rate: 41-100 bpm
Rhythm: essentially regular
P waves: usually absent or, with retrograde conduction to the atria, may appear after the QRS (usually upright in ST segment or T wave)
PR interval: None
QRS duration: Greater than 0.12 sec, T wave frequently in opposite direction of the QRS complex |
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Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) |
Rate: 101-250 bpm
Rhythm: essentially regular
P waves: may be present or absent; if present, they have no set relationship to the QRS complexes appearing between the QRS's at a rate different from that of the VT
PR interval: none
QRS duration: 0.12 sec or greater; gradual alteration in amplitude and direction of the QRS complexes; a typical cycle consists of 5-20 QRS complexes |
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Ventricular Fibrillation (VF) |
Rate: cannot be determined b/c there are no discernible waves or complexes to measure
Rhythm: rapid and chaotic with no pattern or regularity
P waves: not discernible
PR interval: not discernible
QR duration: not discernible |
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Course - waves easily visible, height is 3 or more mm
Fine - low amplitude waves, less than 3 mm |
What's the difference between course and fine ventricular fibrillation? |
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Asystole (Cardiac Standstill) |
Rate: ventricular usually not discernible but atrial activity may be seen ("P-wave" asystole)
Rhythm: ventricular not discernible, atrial may be discernible
P waves: usually not discernible
PR interval: not measureable
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