Unit 3 Chemistry Of Life Vocabulary

Front 1

Chemical Reaction

Back 1

The process that changes on set of chemicals into another.

Front 2

Reactant

Back 2

Elements or compounds that you start with.

Front 3

Activation energy

Back 3

The initial input energy that starts a chemical reaction.

Front 4

Catalyst

Back 4

Speeds up the rate of a reaction by lowering the amount of activation energy needed to start the reaction.

Front 5

Enzymes

Back 5

Proteins that act as biological catalysts.

Front 6

Activation site.

Back 6

The site that enzymes provide for the reactants to react.

Front 7

Proton

Back 7

Positively charged particle in an atom

Front 8

Electron

Back 8

Negatively charged particle in an atom

Front 9

Neutron

Back 9

Particles in an atom with no charge

Front 10

Element

Back 10

Pure substances that consist of entirely one type of atoms.

Front 11

Compound

Back 11

Two or more elements chemically bonded together.

Front 12

Acid

Back 12

A substance with a high concentration of hydrogen ions(H+)

Front 13

Polarity

Back 13

...

Front 14

Cohesion

Back 14

The attraction between molecules of the same substance.

Front 15

Adhesion

Back 15

The attraction between molecules of different substances.

Front 16

Organic Chemistry

Back 16

The study of organic compounds containing carbon.

Front 17

Macromolecule

Back 17

Very large molecules.

Front 18

Monomer

Back 18

Smaller molecules.

Front 19

Polymer

Back 19

Strings of smaller molecules joined together.

Front 20

Nucleic Acids

Back 20

Composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus. It's function is to store and transmits heredity or genetic information.

Front 21

Protein

Back 21

Composed mainly of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. It's function's are to control rate of reactions and regulate cell processes, form bones and muscles, transport substance into and out of cells. and help fight diseases.

Front 22

Lipid

Back 22

Composed of a glycerol molecule and three fatty acids. Used as spare energy.

Front 23

Enzyme

Back 23

Proteins that act as biological catalysts.

Front 24

Reactants

Back 24

Elements or compounds that you start with, found on the left hand side of the reaction arrow.

Front 25

Products

Back 25

Elements or compounds produced from the reactants, found on the right hand side of the reaction arrow.

Front 26

Substrate

Back 26

Reactants in an enzyme.

Front 27

Heat Capacity

Back 27

The amount of heat an object can take in.

Front 28

Macromolecules

Back 28

Very large molecules.

Front 29

Polymers

Back 29

Strings of smaller molecules joined together.

Front 30

Polymerization

Back 30

The joining of Monomers by chemical bonding to form polymers.

Front 31

Plant starch

Back 31

Excess sugar stored in plants.

Front 32

Hydrolysis

Back 32

The breaking of a bond by adding water.

Front 33

Lipids

Back 33

Composed of a glycerol molecule and three fatty acids. Used as spare energy.

Front 34

Saturated lipids

Back 34

Lipids that all have single bonds, and are generally solid at room temperature.

Front 35

Unsaturated lipids

Back 35

Lipids that have at least one double or triple bond, and is generally liquid at room temperature.

Front 36

Nucleotide

Back 36

The unit of nucleic acids.

Front 37

Carbohydrates

Back 37

Composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio.

Front 38

Monosaccharaides

Back 38

Single sugar molecules.

Front 39

Polysaccharides

Back 39

Chains of sugar molecules.

Front 40

Glycogen

Back 40

Animal starch.

Front 41

Dehydration Synthesis

Back 41

The process in which monomers of sugar combine in chains.

Front 42

Nucleic Acid

Back 42

Composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus. It's function is to store and transmits heredity or genetic information.

Front 43

Adenosine triphosphate

Back 43

One particular nucleotide all by itself has a very important role in all cells. ATP is the cellular form of energy.

Front 44

Proteins

Back 44

Composed mainly of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. It's function's are to control rate of reactions and regulate cell processes, form bones and muscles, transport substance into and out of cells. and help fight diseases.

Front 45

Amino acids

Back 45

The monomer of proteins.

Front 46

Solution

Back 46

A mixture of two or more elements or compounds.

Front 47

Solvent

Back 47

Dissolving substance in a solution

Front 48

Solute

Back 48

Dissolved particles in a solution

Front 49

Suspension

Back 49

A mixture of water and undissolved particles.

Front 50

Acids

Back 50

Substances with a high concentration of hydrogen ions.(H+) Low pH.

Front 51

Base

Back 51

Substances with a high concentration of OH-. High pH.

Front 52

Buffer

Back 52

A weak acid or base that can react to changes in pH by removing or releasing H+ ions as needed.

Front 53

Low pH

Back 53

The substance is acidic. (Has a lot of H+)

Front 54

High pH

Back 54

The substance is basic. (Has less H+)

Front 55

Homeostasis

Back 55

Cells and systems maintain a constant internal balance.

Front 56

Aqueous

Back 56

When compounds are dissolved in water.

Front 57

pH scale

Back 57

The model used to identify how acidic or basic a substance.

Front 58

Dissolved CO2

Back 58

The buffer in the human blood.