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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A paroxysmal, uncontrolled electrical discharge of neurons in the brain that interrupts normal function
-often symptom of an underlying illness -accompany or be spontaneous |
-Seizures
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A condition in which a person has spontaneous recurring seizures caused by a chronic underlying condition
-a group of abnormal neurons that seem to undergo spontaneous firing |
-Epilepsy
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What are some causes of seizures?
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-acidosis
-electrolyte imbalance -hypoglycemia -hypoxia -alcohol and barbiturate withdrawal -dehydration -water intoxication -heart, lung, liver, or kidney dz -lupus -DM -HTN -septicemia **Scar tissue (gliosis) is thought to interfere with the normal chemical and structural environment of the brain neurons, making them more likely to fire abnormally |
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Characterized by loss of consciousness and falling to the ground, followed by stiffening of the body (tonic phase) for 10-20 seconds and subsequent jerking of the extremities (clonic phase) for another 30-40 seconds
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-Tonic-Clonic Seizure (grand mal)
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Occurs only in children and rarely continues beyond adolescence
-May cease altogether or may evolve into another type of seizure -Brief staring spell lasting only a few seconds -Brief loss of consciousness and may occur up to 100 times a day |
-Typical Absence Seizure (petit mal)
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A classification of seizures that involves the entire brain:
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-generalized
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A classification of seizures that involve a part of the brain:
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-partial
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A state of continuous seizure activity or a condition in which seizures recur in rapid succession without return to consciousness between seizures
-most serious condition and a neurologic emergency -due to ANY type of seizure -brain uses more energy that can be supplied -neurons become exhausted and cease to function -permanent brain damage may result |
-Status epilepticus
**can cause ventilatory insufficiency, hypoxemia, cardiac dysrhythmias, hyperthermia, and systemic acidosis |
