Unit 2 World History

Front 1

Quechua

Back 1

Language of the Inca

Front 2

Quipu

Back 2

Incan invention: series of knotted strings that was used to record movement of people or goods.

Front 3

Cuzco

Back 3

Capital of the Incan empire

Front 4

Pachacuti

Back 4

Incan emperor that built the empire conquered various people to expand it.

Front 5

Atahaulpa

Back 5

Last Incan emperor before Spanish conquest

Front 6

Tenochititlan

Back 6

Capital of the Aztec Empire

Front 7

Tribute

Back 7

Payment that conquered people were forced to pay to the rulers

Front 8

Chinampas

Back 8

Aztec invention of land masses on water that greatly improved Aztec agriculture

Front 9

Montezuma

Back 9

Aztec emperor that was during Spanish conquest

Front 10

Sultan

Back 10

Muslim Ruler

Front 11

Babur

Back 11

First Mughal emperor

Front 12

Akbar the Great

Back 12

Grandson of Babur, Emperor of Mughal empire that established policy of religious tolerance

Front 13

Delhi Sultanate

Back 13

Muslim Kingdom in India

Front 14

Taj Mahal

Back 14

Tomb for Shah Jahan's wife displays elements of Indian, Persian, and muslim architecture.

Front 15

Suleiman

Back 15

Ruler of the Ottoman empire, enforced laws based on the Qur'an, and organized social system into four classes.

Front 16

Istanbul (Constantinople)

Back 16

Constantinople was the capital of the Byzantine Empire, Ottomans captured it and renamed it Istanbul.

Front 17

Askia Muhammad

Back 17

Devout Muslim that rose to power in the Songhai empire and declared Islam as the official religion.

Front 18

Timbuktu

Back 18

trade city of Songhai empire

Front 19

Hongwu

Back 19

Founder of Ming Empire, drove Mongols out of China

Front 20

Zhu Di

Back 20

Ming Emperor who sponsored seven voyages to explore and then became isolationist

Front 21

ZhengHe/Treasure Fleet

Back 21

Expeditions that went to Southeast Asia, Africa and possible America

Front 22

Qing Dynasty

Back 22

New dynasty that was formed when the Manchus invaded a declining Ming empire

Front 23

Silk Road

Back 23

Trade route that was along Rome, Syria, and China

Front 24

Moluccas Islands

Back 24

group of islands in Eastern Indonesia, center of spice trade, known as the "spice islands"

Front 25

Mombasa and Malindi

Back 25

Port cities in eastern Kenya

Front 26

Cape Town

Back 26

First Dutch Colony in Africa

Front 27

Hispaniola

Back 27

Island that Columbus found

Front 28

Line of Demarcation

Back 28

Line that divided the non-European world into two parts.

Front 29

Treaty of Tordesillas

Back 29

Treaty signed between Portugal and Spain in 1494 that set Line of Demarcation

Front 30

caravel

Back 30

Portugese sailing ship

Front 31

astrolabe

Back 31

Device used by navigators to determine latitude

Front 32

circumnavigate

Back 32

To sail around the whole globe

Front 33

privateer

Back 33

privately owned ships that were instructed by the government to attack and capture enemy or merchant ships.

Front 34

Dutch East India Co

Back 34

Trading Company established by Netherlands to expand trade in Asia.

Front 35

outposts

Back 35

military station/remote settlement

Front 36

Council of the Indies

Back 36

Set up to help pass laws for colonies. Monitored Colonial officials to make sure they did not have too much authority.

Front 37

Sepoys

Back 37

Indian soldier who served in an army from either the French or English trading companies

Front 38

Francis Xavier

Back 38

Portuguese priest who converted many to Christianity in Southern China and Japan

Front 39

conquistadors

Back 39

Explorers who claimed lands in the Americas for Spain

Front 40

viceroys

Back 40

Spanish representatives in each province that ruled in the King’s name

Front 41

encomienda

Back 41

Conquistador’s right to demand tribute or labor from Native Americans.

Front 42

peninsulares

Back 42

People born in Spain, top of social class in colonies

Front 43

creole

Back 43

American born descendants of Spanish settlers. Owned most of the plantations, ranches, and mines.

Front 44

mestizo

Back 44

People of Native American and European descent. Lowest social class.

Front 45

mulatto

Back 45

People of Native American and African descent. Lowest social class.

Front 46

Triangular Trade

Back 46

Colonial trade route linking Europe, Africa, and the Americas

Front 47

Middle Passage

Back 47

leg of triangular trade route that transported slave from Africa to the Americas

Front 48

Columbian Exchange

Back 48

Global exchange of ideas, plants, animals, goods, and disease

Front 49

Commercial Revolution

Back 49

Consequences of the increasing wealth in European nations

Front 50

inflation

Back 50

When there is more money than goods that lead to rising prices

Front 51

bullion

Back 51

Bulk of gold and sliver

Front 52

capitalism

Back 52

Economic system of privately owned and operated companies.

Front 53

commodity

Back 53

Raw material that can be bought or sold

Front 54

entrepreneur

Back 54

People taking financial risk to make large profit

Front 55

joint-stock company

Back 55

A company whose stock is owned by shareholders, they share profits and risks

Front 56

mercantilism

Back 56

Policy to export more than to import to build supply of gold and silver

Front 57

tariff

Back 57

A tax on imported goods