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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nucleolus |
inside the nucleus of a cell that is made up of RNA and proteins and is where ribosomes are made |
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Chromatin |
a mixture of DNA and proteins that form the chromosomes That are in humans & other organisms |
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Chromosomes |
They are proteins and DNA that help become organized into genes |
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Endoplasmic reticulum |
Endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranes inside a cell that proteins and molecules move thru |
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Microtubules |
A tube like structure found in the cytoplasm or the fluid inside a cell of plant and animal cell they help support the shape of a cell &they help chromosomes move during cell division |
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Microfilaments |
assist with cell movement and are made of a protein called actin |
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Vacuoles |
A membrane bound cell organelle. In animal cells, vacuoles are generally small and help sequester waste products, In plant cells vacuoles help maintain water balance |
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Mitochondria |
membrane bound cell organelles that generate most of the chemical energy |
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Golgi apparatus |
an organelle that acts as the packaging center of the cell. It takes in protein, modifies it, and then places it in shipping containers called vesicles |
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Chloroplasts |
the site of photosynthesis, which is the process by which energy from the Sun is converted into chemical energy for growth |
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Lysosomes |
contains digestive enzymes. Lysosomes are involved with various cell processes. They break down excess or worn out cell parts. They may be used to destroy invading viruses and bacteria |
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Cilia |
are small hair like protuberances on the outside of eukaryotic cells and the function of cilia is to move water relative to the cell in a regular movement of the cilia |
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Flagella |
organelle that enables movement |
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Hypotonic |
A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes than another solution |
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Hypertonic |
A solution will be hypertonic to a cell if its solute concentration is higher than that inside the cell and the solutes cannot cross the membrane |
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Isotonic solutions |
It has the same solute concentration, as another solution |
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Osmosis |
The movement of water and solvents through a semipermeable membrane( and a semi permeable membrane just means the membrane lets only something s pass thru |
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Diffusion |
The motion of molecules (in class perfume example) |
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Facilitated diffusion |
Facilitated diffusion Is an ex of passive transport it requires proteins but doesnt require energy and moves from high concentration to low |
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Semi permeable |
This type of membrane allows somethings to pass thru and not others |
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Active transport |
Moves from low to high concentration & uses ATP energy |
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Passive transport |
the movement of substances with diffusionacross a cell membrane |
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Ribosomes |
A ribosome is an intercellular structure made of both RNA and protein |
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Cytoplasm |
Fills inside of the cell & is composed of water, salts, and various organic molecules. |
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Plasmid |
a small circular DNAmolecule found in bacteria and some other microscopic organisms |
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Cell membrane / plasma membrane |
found in all cells and separates the interior of the cell from the outside environment. |
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Cell wall |
An outside surrounding area that supports the cells of most plants, bacteria, fungi, and algae |
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Eukaryote |
eukaryote is any cell or organism that has a clearly defined nucleus. |
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Prokaryote |
Prokaryotes are organisms whose cells don t have a nucleus |
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Passive transport |
is a type of membrane transport that does not require energy to move substances across cell membranes. |
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Active transport |
is the process of transferring substances into, out of, and between cells, using energy |
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Nuclear envelope |
is made up of two lipid bilayer membranes that in eukaryotic cells surrounds the nucleus, which encloses the genetic material. |
