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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The skeleton is composed of |
Bones Cartilages Joints Ligaments *2 parts: axial and appendicular |
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Axial skeleton consists of.... |
Skull, vertebral column/spine, bony thorax/thoracic cage (rib cage) 80 bones |
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Axial skeleton supports... |
Head Neck Trunk |
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Axial skeleton protects |
Brain Spinal cord Thoracic organs |
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Compact bone |
Outer shell layer Smooth/solid Passage of blood vessels |
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Trabecular bone |
Spongy Inner honeycomb matrix Flat pieces of bone = trabecular Deep to compact bone |
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Osteocyte |
Bone cell |
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Lacunae |
Bone cell is housed |
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Haversian |
Canal (central) Contains small blood vessels and nerve fibers |
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Paired cranial bones |
Parietal = wall Temporal = crainal base |
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Unpaired cranial bones |
Frontal Occipital Sphenoid Ethmoid |
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Two processes of temporal bones |
1. Mastoid = behind ear; attach muscles 2. Styloid = Needlelike projection; attachment of muscles and ligaments |
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Occipital bone features |
1. Occipital condyles = connects with vertebrae 2. Foramen Magnum = opening for brain stem to exit |
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Sphenoid protects.... |
Pituitary Gland Keystone of the cranium |
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Ethmoid |
Between the craium and face Crista galli and Cribriform plate = attachment of tissue to support brain and transfer smell (olfactory nerves) |
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Sutures |
1. Sagittal = 2 parietal 2. Coronal = 2 parietal and frontal 3. Lambdoid = 2 parietal and occipital (delta symbol) 4. Squamous = temporal, parietal and sphenol |
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Fontanelles |
Infant skull Soft spot where sutures haven't formed Dense membraneous connective tissue |
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Unpaired facial bones |
Mandible-lower jaw Vomer-septum |
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Paired facial bones |
Maxilla-upper jaw; cleft palette Zygomatic Nasal-bridge Lacrimal-tears passage Palatine-mouth palette & lateral wall of nasal cavity Inferior nasal concha-scent receptor |
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Seven Orbit bones |
1. Frontal: roof; lateral wall 2. Sphenoid: medial wall; lateral wall; roof 3. Zygomatic: floor of orbit; lateral wall 4. Maxilla: medial wall; floor of orbit 5. Palatine: floor of orbit 6. Lacrimal: medial wall 7. Ethmoid: medial wall |
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Three nasal concha |
1. Inferior = stand alone 2. Middle = part of Ethmoid bone 3. Superior = part of Ethmoid bone |
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Paranasal sinuses |
Air filled cavities Decrease density of skull, add mucosa to keep things out, increase speaking tones Frontal, Ethmoidal air cells, Sphenoidal, Maxillary |
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Hyoid bone |
Suspended by muscular attachment Moves up and down with swallowing and speaking |
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Vertebral Column divisions |
1. Cervical (C1-C7)-neck 2. Thoracic (T1-T12)-rib 3. Lumbar (L1-L5) 4. Sacrum (S1-S5)-tail bone 5. Coccygeal (3-5 fused)-tail |
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Spine includes... |
Neck Trunk Lower back Tailbone |
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Concave |
Opposite "C" Cervical and Lumbar Secondary curve Lordosis |
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Convex |
"C" shape Thoracic and Sacral Primary curve Kyphosis |
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Intervertebral Formen |
Space formed by two adjacent vertebra Where spine nerves exit spinal column |
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Vertebral Formen |
Houses the spinal cord |
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Thoracic cage |
Thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12) 1. Sternum = true ribs (1-7) 2. Ribs = false ribs (8-10) 3. Floating ribs (11,12) |
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Sacrum: Ala |
Forms joints with pelvic bones |
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Sacrum: Sacral Promontory |
Center of gravity |
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Bifid |
Process on spine Split because of muscular attachment C2-C6 (also have transverse foremen for passage of arterties) |
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Costal cartilage |
Attach T1-T7 to sternum (8,9,10 have but attach to one above) |
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Three parts to the sternum |
1. Manubrium 2. Sternal angle body 3. Xiphoid process **Dagger |
