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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What two pieces of information do you need to form a value? |
1. What was seen, or the unit 2. How much was seen, or numerical quantity |
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What is the correct order of units of measurement? |
Inch, span, cubit, yard, mile, acre |
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Why were the old units of measurement (pre-SI) not adequate? |
1. Not easily accessible 2. Not constant 3. Expensive |
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What are the advantages of SI units? |
1. Based on powers of 10 2. Base units 3. Multiples/submultiples expressed by prefixes 4. Precisely defined and universally available |
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What are the SI Base Units? |
mass - gram length - meter time - second count - mole temperature - Kelvin or Celsius luminous intensity - candela electric current - ampere |
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What are the SI Derived Units? |
area - square meter volume - cubic meter/cm or liter/mL density - grams/cubic centimeter force - Newton pressure - Pascal energy - Joule speed - meters/second |
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What is dimensional analysis? What are its requirements? |
1. Technique of converting between units in SI 2. Unit equivalents and conversion factors |
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What is Avogadro's number? |
1 mole of particles = 6.02 x 10^23 |
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What is a substance's molarity? |
The number of moles of solute in a liter of solution |
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What are the two types of measurements and what determines which one you use? |
1. Exact - no uncertainty, small quantities 2. Approximate - uncertainty involved |
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What causes uncertainty? |
Instrument limitations and human subjectivity |
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What are the rules of estimation for digital displays and scales? |
1. Rightmost value as limit of certainty 2. Lowest readable value |
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What is the difference between precision and accuracy in measurements? |
Precision = closeness to each other Accuracy = closeness to accepted value |
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What is the rule for multiplication and division with sig-figs? |
The measurement with the smallest number of sig-figs determines the final answer's sig-figs. |
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What is the rule for addition and subtraction with sig-figs? |
The number with the largest uncertainty (least number of decimal points) determines the sig-figs of the final answer. |
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What is the equation for percent error? |
%error = (measured value - accepted value) / (accepted value) x 100% Sign determines above or below accepted value |
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of graphs? |
ADV - shows a trend, estimation is possible, uncertainties cancel out somewhat DISADV - precision difficult to read, estimation required when a number is sought |
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of equations? |
ADV - concise, best expression of physical law, can be rearranged DISADV - appearance of precision but not really there, sometimes complex |
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of tables? |
ADV - easy to show the factors that affected the data/results, convenient with patterns DISADV - massive and cumbersome sometimes |
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What axis would you put each of the variables if you were graphing motion vs time? |
Time = vertical, motion = horizontal (y vs x) |
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Explain the difference between interpolation and extrapolation? |
Interpolation - values within the range/graph Extrapolation - values outside the range/graph |
