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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Active transport |
The transport of substances with the cell membrane. With energy. |
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Anabolism |
Reactions that use energy to build complex molecules |
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Atrophy |
A decrease in the size of a body part or organ caused by a decrease in the size of the cells. |
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Cardiac muscle fibers |
Smaller, striated, involuntary muscle fibers (cells) in the heart that contract to pump blood. |
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Catabolism |
Chemical processes in the body that release energy as complex compounds are broken down into simpler ones |
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Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) |
A compound that stores energy in the muscles. When atp is broken down during catabolic reactions, it releases energy. |
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Anatomy |
The study of the structures of the body and the relationships of its parts. |
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Carbohydrates |
Sugars, starches, and cellulose composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. |
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Cells |
The basic structural unit of a living organism. A cell contains a nucleus and cytoplasm and is surrounded by a membrane. |
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Characteristics of life |
The Constitution of life defined by these properties: maintenance of boundaries: keeping the internal environment distinct from the external environment. Movement: the ability to transport the entire being, aswell as internal components, throughout the body. Responsiveness: the ability to sense, monitor, and respond to changes in the external environment. Conductivity: the movement of energy from one point to another. Metabolism: a chemical reaction that occurs in cells to effect transformation. Production, or consumption of energy. Growth: a normal increase in the size and\or number of cells. Respiration: the absorption, transport, and use or exchange of respiratory gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide). Digestion: the process by which food products are broken down into simple substances to be used by individual cells. Absorption: the transport and use of nutrients. Secretion: the production and delivery of specialized substances for diverse functions. Excretion: the removal of waste products. Circulation: the movement of fluids, nutrients, secretions and waste products from one area of the body to another. Reproduction: the formation of a new being: also the formation of new cells in the body to permit growth, repair, and replacement. |
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Collagen |
A protein substance composed of small fibrils that combine to create |
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Collagenous fibers |
Strong fibers with little capacity for stretch. They have a high degree of tensile strentgh, which allows them to withstand longitudinal stress. |
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Connective tissue |
The most abundant type of tissue in the body. It supports and holds together the body and its parts, protects the body from foreign matter, and is organized to transport substances throughout the body. |
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Cytoskeleton |
A framework of proteins inside the cell providing flexibility and strength. |
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Cytosol |
The fluid that surrounds the nucleus or organelles inside the cell membrane. |
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Diffusion |
Movement of ions and molecules from an area of higher concentration to that of a lower concentration. |
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DNA |
The Hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. |
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Elastic fibers |
Connective tissue fibers that are extensible and elastic. They are made of a protein called elastin, which returns to its original length after being stretched. |
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Endocytosis |
The cellular process of engulfing particles located outside the cell membrane into a cell by forming vesicles. |
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Endoplasmic reticulum |
A network of intracellular membranes in the form of tubes that is connected to the nuclear membrane. |
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Epithelial tissue |
A specialized group of tissues that cover and protect the surface of the body and its parts, line body cavities, and form glands. Epithelial tissue usually is found in areas that move substances into and out of the body during secretion, absorption and excretion. |
