Unit 2: Schizophrenia And Mood Disorders

Front 1

This type of anxiety is described as the feeling of impending doom
-there is no outside stimuli or cause

Back 1

-Free-floating anxiety

Front 2

This type of anxiety is described as the response to an identifiable stressor

Back 2

-Signal Anxiety

Front 3

During this stage of GAS:
-fight-or-flight
-hormones prepare the body to physically deal with stress
-increases blood volume, BG, blood O2 levels, an enhanced arousal level

Back 3

-Alarm

Front 4

During this stage of GAS:
-body maintaines its protective responses to the stressor and stabilizes
-recovers its normal physical state

Back 4

-Resistance

Front 5

During this stage of GAS:
-body is no longer able to function in an activated state wo/ an assault to the immune system
-exhaustion occurs when the stress level persists
-defense mechanisms weaken
-death results in extreme cases

Back 5

-Exhaustion

Front 6

Sensory impressions without external stimuli:

Back 6

-Hallucinations

Front 7

Real stimuli misinterpreted:

Back 7

-Illusion

Front 8

False, fixed belief:

Back 8

-Delusion

Front 9

Syndrome of dz process of the brain that causes:
-distorted and bizarre thoughts
-loose association- ideas shift from one subject to another unrelated subject
-disturbance in reality, thought processes, perception, affect, social and occupational functioning
-delusions
-altered perceptions (hallucinations)
-emotions
-movements
-bizarre behavior

Back 9

-Schizophrenia

Front 10

Describe the causes of schizophrenia:

Back 10

-no single cause
-thought to be genetic
-multiple psychosocial stressors
-biochemical influences (decreased GABA, excessive dopamine)
-anatomical abnormalities

Front 11

How long do the symptoms of schizophrenia need to be present for there to be a diagnosis?

Back 11

-Warranted only if prominent delusions or hallucinations are present for at least one month (not continuous though)
-Positive or negative signs present
-Must impair occupational or social functioning

Front 12

What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

Back 12

-Symptoms that are able to be seen, including:

-Hallucinations
-Delusions
-Behavior disturbances
-Thought disorders
-Disorganized speech
-Distortions
-Normally absent in non-effected individuals

Front 13

Describe how to promote reality-based perceptions:

Back 13

-Do NOT argue with false beliefs, instead validate reality and encourage reality testing (say "I don't see it, but you do."
-Validate feelings
-Remove the object that is causing distress (if possible)
-Focus on the reality of their communication
-PROTECT them from harm to themselves and others
-Assess the effect of the delusions on the patient's judgement and responses
-Say, "The FBI is not here. Where would you feel safer?"

Front 14

What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

Back 14

-Symptoms unable to see and sometimes are unsure if it is schizophrenia or not:

-Avolition: lack of motivation such as little or no interest to work or social activities; impaired grooming and hygiene
-Anhedonia: inability to experience pleasant emotion (social isolation and diminished intimacy)
-Affective or Apathy: flattening of emotion or mood; unchanging facial expression, poor eye contact reduced body language; indifference
-Alogia: poverty of speech; brief,empty responses; decreased fluency of speech; slow to respond

Front 15

Describe psychosis:

Back 15

-A major mental disorder
-Personality is disorganized
-Contact with reality is impaired
-Auditory hallucinations and delusions (firmly held erroneous beliefs) are common but not always present
-does not need to have symptoms for a certain time period
-psychosis can be temporary and can go away

Front 16

What are the major differences between psychosis and schizophrenia?

Back 16

-Schizophrenia's symptoms must be present for at least 1-2 months and psychosis does not need a time period
-Psychosis can be temporary and can go away, schizophrenia is biological and will never go away

Front 17

What are some nursing goals for a patient with schizophrenia and psychosis?

Back 17

-Promote trust
-Promote reality-focused orientation
-Promote perceived control
-Promote strengths (what are the good things you see?)
-Meet health-oriented goals such are attending group therapy

Front 18

The internal, subjective pervasive emotion that influence how one thinks, behaves and sees the world:

Back 18

-Mood

Front 19

The observable manifestation of one's mood; one gives cues through verbal and non-verbal ways; one can see and observe it:

Back 19

-Affect

Front 20

This form of depression includes:
-depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities
-person will not be active

Back 20

-Major depressive disorder

Front 21

This type of depression includes:
-milder form
-described as 'sad' or 'down in the dumps'
-not see at the hospital but in out-patient clinics

Back 21

-Dysthymic disorder

Front 22

This mood disorder is described as:
-mood swings from profound depression to extreme euphoria with periods of normalcy
-onset of symptoms may reflect a seasonal pattern
-delusions or hallucinations may or may not be present

Back 22

-Bipolar disorder or Manic Depressive

Front 23

Describe the difference between bipolar type 1 and type 2:

Back 23

-Type 1: manic with episodes of depression; occurrence of one or more manic episodes; rapid cycling of 4+/yr; any combination of manic, hypomanic, or depressive episodes

-Type 2: occurrence of one or more major depressive episodes with at least one hypomanic episode (more depressed)

Front 24

Condition which is characterized by excess energy, abnormal excitability, and an exaggerated sense of well-being
-too busy to eat
-sleeplessness
-elevated mood (excessive cheerfulness, irritability)
-poor judgement
-hyper-sexuality
-increased energy, activity or talking
-poor impulse control

Back 24

-Mania