Unit 2 - Org Behaviors And Performance Measures

Front 1

List the four elements of an organization

Back 1

1. Coordination of effort in a cooperative social arrangement

2. Common objective or purpose

3. Division of labor

4. Hierarchy of authority

Front 2

Explain the difference between effectiveness and efficiency

Back 2

Effectiveness is the achievement of goals, and efficiency is the ratio of output to input

Front 3

Define prodictivity

Back 3

Productivity is the ratio of real output to a unit of input

Front 4

Organizational decline results from

Back 4

Decreased demand, resource limitations, or mismanagement

Front 5

What are the 3 theories of organizing

Back 5

1. Classical perspective

2. Humanistic perspective

3. Contingency perspective

Front 6

What are organizational charts

Back 6

Represent the formal organizational structure in two dimensions: vertical hierarchy and horizontal specialization

Front 7

Define motivation

Back 7

The set of internal and external forces that stimulate enthusiasm to persist in a course of action

Front 8

What is the difference between extrinsic and intrinsic rewards?

Back 8

Extrinsic rewards are received from others. Intrinsic rewards are the internal satisfaction that results from certain actions

Front 9

What is equity theory

Back 9

According to equity theory, employee motivation is affected significantly by relative as well as absolute rewards

Front 10

List Maslows hierarchy of needs from lowest to highest

Back 10

1. Physiological

2. Security and safety

3. Affiliation or acceptance

4. Esteem

5. Self-actualization

Front 11

What are the two classes of motivational factors under Frederick Herbert's two-factor theory of motivation

Back 11

1. Dissatisfied

2. Satisfiers

Front 12

What are the two process-based theories of motivation

Back 12

1. Goal-setting

2. Expectancy

Front 13

Define reinforcement as it relates to behavior modification

Back 13

Reinforce.ent is something (reward, punishment, etc) that results in repetition or inhibition of a behavior

Front 14

List 3 approaches to Job design

Job design

Job design

Back 14

1. Job rotation2. Job enlargement3. Job enrichment

Front 15

List the core job dimensions of Havkman and Oldhams job characteristics model

Back 15

1. Skull variety

2. Task identity

3. Task significance

4. Autonomy

5. Feedback

Front 16

What is organizational politics

Back 16

Organizational politics (impression management) is acting in self-interest given actual or perceived opposition in the workplace

Front 17

Define whistleblowing

Back 17

It is the reporting to internal or external parties of wrongful conduct

Front 18

List common political tactics within an organization

Back 18

1. Posturing

2. Empire building

3. Making the supervisor look good

4. Collecting and using social favors

5. Creating power and loyalty cliques

6. Engaging in destructive competition

Front 19

A group consists of at least two individuals who

Back 19

1. Interact freely

2. Recognize themselves as a group (common identity)

3. Agree on the reason for the group (common purpose)

Front 20

What are the two types of groups

Back 20

1. Formal

2. Informal

Front 21

Define cohesiveness

Back 21

It is the tendency of members to adhere to the group and united against outside pressures

Front 22

What is groupthink?

Back 22

It is the tendency of individuals committed to the group to ignore input that varies from the group opinion

Front 23

_________ is the unstructured, non judgemental group approach that relies on spontaneous contribution of ideas

Back 23

Brainstorming

Front 24

Internal and external failure costs represent

Back 24

Nonconforming costs

Front 25

Cost of prevention and appraisal represent

Back 25

Conformance costs

Front 26

What are internal cost failures

Back 26

Occurs when defective products are detected before shipment and additional costs are incurred on defective products (scrap, rework, tooling changes, and downtime)

Front 27

What are external failure costs

Back 27

Results when problems occur after shipment (environmental, warranty, product liability, and loss of customer goodwill)

Front 28

The balanced scorecard is a management control approach that connects ______ with measures of performance.

Back 28

Critical success factors (CSFs)

Front 29

List four perspectives into which objectives are classified on a typical balanced scorecard

Back 29

1. Financial performance

2. Customer service

3. Internal business processes

4. Learning and growth

Front 30

The internal business processes perspective emphasizes ____1_____ and ____2____.

Back 30

1. Production

2. Other operational measures

Front 31

The learning and growth perspective relates to ___1___ and ____2____.

Back 31

1. Resource management

2. Innovation