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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Rest |
a state of decreased mental and physical activity that leaves a person feeling refreshed |
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sleep |
state of rest accompanied by a state of altered consciousness and relative inactivity |
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what is Circadian rhythm and where is it located? |
biological clock located in the HYPOTHALAMUS |
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CR changes what when asleep? |
BP, T, HR, hormone secretions, metabolism, and mood |
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When CR is high your? When CR is low your? |
Awake, asleep |
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Circadian rhythm is subject to what? How often is it completed? |
numerous influences such as job or social pressures. Every 24 hrs |
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STAGES OF SLEEP |
............ |
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NON-rapid eye movement (NREM) accounts for how much of sleep? and has how many stages? |
75%, 4 stages |
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Stages I and II make up how much of sleep time? |
5 and 50% (light sleep) |
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Stages III and IV represent what %? |
10% (deep sleep) |
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Stages III and IV are termed? Which one has the greatest arousal threshold? |
Delta sleep, IV of NREM |
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During NREM sleep the parasympathetic nervous system dominates what? Does it increase or decrease? |
Pulse, RES, BP, metabolic rate, and body temp...it DECREASES |
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Rapid-eye movement (REM) consumes how much of sleep? |
20-25% and is more difficult to arouse then NREM |
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Patients almost always report dreaming in which sleep, REM OR NREM? |
REM |
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During REM pulse, res, BP, metabolic rare and body temp increase or decrease? |
INCREASE |
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Muscle tone and tendon reflexes increase or decrease in REM? |
DECREASE |
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REM is essential to what? |
mental and emotional equilibrium, learning, memory, and adaptation |
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What occurs when a person with w/o REM sleep for extended periods? |
REM REBOUND |
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REM sleep periods increase in length and frequency during when? |
towards the morning |
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What is sleep deprivation? |
a decrease in the amnt, quality, and consistency of sleep |
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This can have what side effects? |
hand tremors, decreased reflexes, gastro symptoms. slowed response time, impaired men, and decreased judgment |
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What medications can help induce sleep? |
sedatives and hypnotics |
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Melatonin helps control what? |
CR |
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Which sleep disorder is the most common? |
Insomnia |
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What is Insomnia? |
difficulty falling asleep, intermittent sleep, or early awakening from sleep |
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T or F insomnia is most often Transient or temporary |
T |
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Insomnia is often associated with what? |
poor sleep habits |
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Sleep apnea or OSA is what? |
absence of breathing or diminished breathing efforts during sleep between snoring intervals |
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Sleep apnea ia lack of air flow through nose and mouth foe periods of how long? |
10 secs to 2 mins |
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During OSA airway is occluded d/t collapse of? |
hypopharynx and other structural abnormalities |
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Causes of OSA are |
large tonsils deviated spetum thyroid enlargment allergic rhinitis |
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CPAP stands for? |
continuos positive airway pressure |
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What is restless leg syndrome? |
unpleasant creeping, crawling, tingling, in legs |
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RLS is mainly found where? and at what time? |
In the calf, at night |
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Most pt diagnosed with RLS have what? who else sometimes has it? |
Iron deficiency, ESRD, pregnant women |
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The diagnosis for RLS has the acronym URGE what does it stand for? |
Urge to move Rest induced Gets better with activity Evening symptoms more severe |
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Is there a cure for RLS? What can be done to help it? |
NO Mild analgesic at bedtime eliminate caffeine, tobacco, and alcohol heat/cold application relaxation |
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What 2 systems in the brainstem work together to control the cyclic nature of sleep? |
Reticular activating system (RAS) bulbar synchronizing system |
