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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 layers of the skin |
epidermis- epithelial layer dermis- connective tissue layer |
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structure of epidermis |
stratified squameous epithelium no BV= avascular |
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cells of the epidermis |
keratinocyte melanocytes langerhern cells (dendritic cells) Merkel cells- tactile cells |
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keratinocytes |
produce keratin which is a waterproof protein gives the epidermis its toughness make up 90% of the epidermis |
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Melanocytes |
produces melanin which they transfer to keratinocytes melanin absorb UV ray and contributes to skin color |
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langerhern cell ( dendritic cells) |
from Born Marrow (BM) and migrate to epidermis involved in immune response ingest foreign stuff and present antigen and stimulate T cell production uv radiation damages |
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Merkel cells |
within the deepest layers of epidermis in contact with nerve fibre responsible for touch |
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deepest layer of skin is stratum germinativum (basal) |
all epidermal cells arise from this has a single layer of cuboidal columnar stem cell contains melanocytes and merkel disc |
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stratum spinosum |
has prickley spines which join cells together obtain melanin from malanocytes process |
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stratum granulosum |
develop dark granules of keratohyalin which is precusor of keratin cells die due to lack of vital metabolic reactions |
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stratum lucidium |
only found on palms and soles contains droplets of substance that will become keratin |
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startum cornium |
composed of dead cell filled with keratin cells always being replaced effective barrier against light,heat, bacteria and chemicals |
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the dermis |
composed of connective tissue collagen,elastic fibres and cell provide mechanical strength contains bloos and lymphatic vessls LV, gland and hair follicles |
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the 2 proportion of the dermis |
papillary region and reticular region |
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papillary region |
the outter proportion of dermis contains fine elastin fibre |
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reticular region |
inner proportion of dermis has dense irregular connective tissue with interlacing bundles of elastin and collagen |
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peg and socket function |
interface between epidermis and dermis increases surface area between the 2 layers responsible for finger prints |
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cell of the dermis |
fibrobalst-gives rise to precusor cells like collagenblasts Macrophages- derive from monocytes they phagacytise stuff Mast cells- in areolar CT release histamine for BV dilation Adipocyte- fat cells contains triglycerals |
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glands of the dermis |
sweat glands (sudoriferous) sebaceous glands |
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2 types of sudoriferous glands (sweat) |
eccrine and apocrine |
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eccrine sweat gland |
most numerous clear sweat= Nacl,urea and lactic break down garlic |
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apocrine |
on axillery, anal, genitals and mammary areas become functional at puberty sweat is thicker and has more nutrients the smell is due to bacteria |
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sebaceous glands |
secrete sebum which is an oil soften skin and makes the hair supple sebum aids in heat retention |
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ceruminous glands |
modified swet glands in the ear and they produce wax |
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arrector pilli muscle |
contract causing goosebumps when cold they respnd to fright and emotional stress |
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nail parts |
nail bed nail edge eponychium cuticle |
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structure of hair |
composed of dead keratinised cells shhaft root develops in follicles papilla= CT peg with capilleries and nerves |
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layers of hair |
inner medulla middle cortex outer cuticle |
