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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Conus Medullaris |
Cone-shaped termination at L1 |
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Cauda Equina |
Collection of nerves |
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Filum Terminale |
Fibrous extension of the pua mater (the end) Anchor the spinal cord. |
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Spinal Meninges |
Protection. Space of fat for padding. Shock absorbers. |
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Dura Mater + Subdural Space |
Dense collagen fibers. Separates dura mater from arachnoid mater. |
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Arachnoid Mater + Subarachnoid Space |
Epithelium. Collagen. Elastic fibers. Filled with CSF. |
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Pia Mater |
Elastic and collagen fibers. Blood vessels present. |
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Intervertebral Foramina |
Lets spinal nerves travel to different regions of the body |
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Reflex |
Preserve homeostasis. |
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Reflex Arc |
1. Stimulus. 2. Sensory neuron. 3. Integration center. 4. Motor neuron. 5. Response. |
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Innate VS Acquired |
Birth. Learned. |
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Nature of Response (4) |
Somatic: voluntary muscle response Superficial: stimulus on surface Stretch: tendon reflex Visceral: autonomic/internal organs |
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Monosynaptic VS Polysynaptic |
Mono: directly on motor neuron//simple response (single muscle group)//Patellar and Achilles Poly: complicated response that activate several muscle groups |
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General Sensory Receptors |
Simple structure. Scattered throughout the body. Sensory info interprated on the frequency of the the action potentials. |
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Special Sensory Receptors |
Complex. In sensory organs. Delivered to specific areas in the brain. |
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Transduction |
Converting a stimulus into an action potential |
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Enteric Nervous System |
Digestive Tract. Third division of ANS. |
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Dual Innervation |
Signals from PARA and PARASYMPA systems cause ooposite effects on the same organ. |
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Autonomic Tone |
Activation of motor neurons. Increase or Decrease activity = wider range of response |
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Receptor Specificity |
Each receptor has a defined sensitivity to different stimuli. |
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Receptive Field |
Area monitores by specific receptor. The largest the area, the least sensitive you are. Smaller areas are better to pin-point stimuli. |
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Generator Potential |
Subthreshold Potential. Need to reach threshold to send a signal to CNS. |
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Adaptation |
Adapt to constant and painless stimuli. |
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Peripheral Adaptation |
Adaptation at the level of the receptor. Receptor stops sending action potential. |
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Slow-Adapting Receptors |
Example: nociceptors Will not undergo any adaptation. |
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Central Adaptation |
In the CNS. Along the efferent pathway. Inhibition to nuclei. Example: olfactory receptors |
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Sympathetic Neurotransmitter Release (2) |
Occurs in a vessel/vein near the organ. 1. Cholinergenic Receptors: Ach 2. Adrenergenic Receptors: norepinephrine |
