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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
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Chapter 5 |
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National interest define may focus on ___, explain. |
-The interests of the ppl of a nation.
-May focus on: economic prosperity- this includes stable employment and a descent standard of living. write extra if there's time safety and security- Measures to maintain national security and physical protection include laws that protect citizens within the country, as well as secure borders that can defended against intruders. Beliefs and values- These include affirming and promoting citizens' values, beliefs, and culture. |
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Difference between peacekeeping and peacemaking |
peacekeepers- armed forces that maintain peace by keeping enemies apart until a crisis can be resolved through diplomacy and negotiation. peacemaking- allowing armed forces that were originally sent to maintain peace in a region of conflict to use force for reasons other than self-defence. |
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Why is claiming soveriginity in the Arctic important? |
1) Climate change is causing Arctic ice to melt. This melting may open the Northwest Passage- a water route connecting the Atlantic and Pacific oceans- to year-round commercial navigation, substantially shortening the distance ships myst travel between Asia and Europe. The Northwest Passage is claimed by Canada but other countries, including the US, say that it is international.
2) Discovery of extensive oil,, natural gas, gold, tim, and diamond deposits in the Arctic seabed. Ask about who owns it. |
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domestic policy
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Guides decisions about what to do within the country. In Canada, domestic policy may guide decisions about changing federal laws, settling aboriginal land claims, and spending tax revenues.
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foreign policy
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Guides decisions about official relations with other countries. Foreign policy, which is often called external relations or foreign affairs, may involve co-operating with international organizations such as the UN, signing treaties, establishing trade relations with foreign states, and taking action on human rights, world health, and environment issues.
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policy |
a plan of action that has been deliberately chosen to guide or influence future decisions.
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Chapter 6 |
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ultranationalism |
an extreme form of nationalism
ultranationalists move from valuing their own nation and its interests to histility toward ppl of other nations. This hostility can endanger international peace. |
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Russia under Stalin
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Russian revolution - 1918 Stalin became dictator. He made all the farms gov't owned. Those who objected were executed or sent to Gulag. For the Ukranians, if they refused to give up their farms, Stalin would confescate their crops. No ukranian language in public. Ukranians were the largest group in Gulag. |
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Propaganda strategies: propagandists often:
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call their oponents names (e.g., "terrorists," "fanatics") designed to arouse ppl's anger or fears
play down their own failures or use words to hide the true meaning of their action (e.g. calling their own wars "holy" or "just," or referring to death camps as "concentration camps") use respected symbols to appeal to ppl's values and beliefs (e.g., religious symbolsm family images, pr a national flag) appeal to ppl's fears when trying to persuade them to suppot particular actions (e.g., claiming that strict law and order is the only way to ensure peace and save a nation) |
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Germany after WW1
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Men and women had the right to vote for members of the new parliament but during the 1920s, no political party won enough votes to run a successful gov't.
The Great Depression hit Germany especially hard because the also had the Treaty of Versailes to worry about. Germany had to give up colonies. German currency became almost worth nothing. Other countries stopped importing to Germany. Ppl lost their jobs. Hitler took advantage of the ppl's misery an became dictator, promising ppl so much. |
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Japan after WW1 |
Japanese exports to Europe and the US increased. but when the grreat depression started, these trading partners tried to suppot their own industries by limiting imports and japanese ppl. Many Japanese ppl lost their jobs. Japan had a famine in 1932 and the US and Europe were not importing to Japan, so Japan invaded Manchuria, on northeastern Chinam in 1931.
By 1937, the military controlled the Japanese gov't and Japan was in war with China. Military leaders brought back traditional warrior values and created a cult around the emperor. They valued obedience to the emperor and the state. |
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Adolf Hitler captured the audience's attention by:
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refusing to recognize the Treaty of Versailles
rebuilding Germany's armed fores and reclaiming lost territories. restoring the superiority of the "Aryan race" - white Europeans of which the Germanic and Nordic peoples were the "purest" examples. |
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Emperor Hirohito
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Son of Heaven
not involved in politics he decided the country's national interests and made most decisions. |
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appeasement
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giving in to national interest
when hitler invaded poland, france and britian who were supposed to act against them just held back Appeasement is someone who feeds a crocodile- hoping it will eat him last. |
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Leauge of Nations
did it fail or succeed? explain. how many countries were members of the leauge of nations? when was the leauge of nations created? what was their goal? If one country invaded another, what would do the league do? |
they failed because the countries were not required to proide troops to stop aggression - and the idea of joint military soon became an empty threat
58, including Canada, Britian, and France. after WW1 Their goal was to help one another to take action to maintain peace. If one country invaded another they would: -order the aggresor to leave the other country's territory -impose trade sanctions - penalties - on the aggressor -use military force against the agressor |
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Ethiopia?
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Conscription
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Compulsory military service
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Collectivization
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All private owned land is taken away by the state and all land, propertym prosperity is owned by the gov't. Mainly done by Joseph Stain in the USSR.
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Industialization
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The drastic change from old technology to industrial technology. The rise of different types of technology becomeing more common in a region.
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In whose national interest was concription?
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Germany, Italy, Japan, and the Soviet Union.
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Internment in Canada
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WW1: German and Ukraine ppl interned as enemy aliens.
WW2: Wartime propaganda depicted Germans, Italians, and Japanese ppl as the ene,y - and Canadians of German, Italian, and Japanese background were often discriminated against because of this. |
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Japanese internment camps
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In 1942, Japanese Canadians who lived withing 160 km of Canada's Pacific coast were rounded up and transported to internment camps in BC which were like prisons. The Japanese canadians no longer owned anything.
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Peace keeping
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The UN had its frist keeping mission over the Sues Canal which was owned by Britian and France but it borded the Egyptian nation so they went and took over it and the USSR and China backed Egypt but the western power were trying to get it back which caused a east vs west world war. The UN Peacekeepers sent troops in to negotiate between the 2 sides. Lester B Pearson was leading this. Canada was really involved so this put canada on the map as really a peacekeeping nation
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Chapter 7
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Genocide
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the killing of members of a national, ethnic, ractial or religious group; causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of of the group; and deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction
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Crimes against humanity
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Widespread or dystematic attacks systematic attacks against a civilian population - murder, extermination, enslavement, deportation, inprisonment, torture, rape or sexual slaverym enfroced disappearance of persons, an the crime of aparheid
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War crimes
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wilful killing, torture, or inhuman treatment; wilfully causing great suffering; and intentially directing attacks against the civilian population or against those who are involved in humanitarian or peacekeeping mission.
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The Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
when? arguments to support arguments against |
-1945
- Japanese warrior values would prevent Japanese soldiers and civilians from surrenndering. They would attack the US if they didn't stop them. Dropping the bombs would save American and Japanese lives. President Harry Truman made the final decision to drop the bombs He didn't have to drop the bombs in such a habited place. So many lives were ended that could have been saved if he had decided to drop the bombs in a less habited place which would have shown Japan the power of the weapon. |
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Ethnic cleansing |
a code word or euphemism designed to make what was happening seem more socially acceptavle. But in reality ppl of one nation would kill those of other nations.
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Do we have to pg. 176-177?
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A people
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-share a common historical tradition, language, and religion
-identify themselves as a distinct cultural group -have a traditional connection to a particular territory. |
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Decolonization
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What happens when a colonial power withdraws from a colony. The ppl of the former colony may then often form a sovereign nation-state
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After effects of decolonization
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Violent conflicts occur
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Self determination vs national self determination
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self determination is individual identity, the ability to choose for youtself, free will.
national self determination is the same things but for a group that is similar in interests, cultures. They have the three points labelled above incommon. |
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Pol pot
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brutal dictator in cambodia that took over and caused a genocide.
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france had control over all of this but then left. This divided the ppl with different interests.
North Vietnam was communist and was supported by China and Russia. South Vietnam was supported by the US only because they did't communism to spread throughout Vietnam |
