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98 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How many oocytes does a normal ovary have at birth? |
2 million |
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How many of the oocytes mature each cycle? |
10 |
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how many follicles become the dominant follicle? |
1 |
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how large does the dominant follicle become by mid cycle when it ruptures? |
18-20mm |
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when the oocyte is released it is taken up by? |
the fallopian tube |
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After the release what happens to the follicle? |
It collapses, there is a hemorrhage into teh cavity and granulosa cells in the inner lining proliferate and swell to form the corpus leutum |
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how long does the corpus leutum last? |
14 days |
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what happens to the corpus leutum? |
It degenerates and fibroses |
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A middle aged women will ovulated how many times in her reproductive cycle? |
400 times |
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how many follicles will be stimulated? |
250000 |
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ovarian masses 3 descriptions |
primarily cystic, primarily solid, complex |
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Primary role of sonography is to indicate? |
the need for surgical or medical intervention |
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Most common site for a pelvic mass is ? |
The ovary |
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A cyst in girls prior to menstration is? |
malignant 50% of the time |
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Ovarian cyst post menopausal is? |
frequently malignant |
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Most common cysts found are? |
functional cysts |
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Follicular cyst |
The most common type of ovarian cysts |
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Follicle is |
cavity that grows an egg set for release mid cycle |
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ovarian cyst sono appearance |
thin walled small (1-8cm) |
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Corpus luteum cysts originates from |
the site of ovulation where progesterone is made
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how big to be called a corpus luteal cyst |
bigger than 2cm |
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corpus leutal cyst is a complication of |
ovulating |
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corpus leutal cyst seen in |
the first trimester of pregnancy |
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Corpus hemorrhagicum |
corupus leutal or functional cysts bleed into itself or leaked into abdomen |
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corpus hemorrhagicum appearance |
cystic lesion internal echoes diastolic flow |
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Theca lutein cysts appear |
bilateral enlarged ovaries with multiloculated cystic masses |
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theca cysts associated with |
high levels of hcg gestational trophoblastic disease (30%) polycystic ovarian disease syndrome multiple pregnancy |
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Theca cysts clinical signs |
nausea and vomiting |
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Non functioning cysts / paraovarian cysts account for how many adenexal masses |
10% |
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Paraovarian cysts are remnants of |
Wolfiaan duct |
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Polycystic ovaries |
disorder of endocrine system with symptoms that range from decreased fertility and diabetes to hypertension and obesity |
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PCOS signs |
weight gain facial hair long menstrations |
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PCOS labs |
increased testosterone increased glucose increased insulin |
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PCOS appearance |
bilateral enlarged ovaries multiple tiny cysts around the periphery of ovary |
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Fluid collections in adhesions can create |
cystic structures of odd shapes throughout the abdomen |
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omental cysts are located |
higher in abdomen |
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urachel cysts are located |
midline in the ant. abdominal wall above bladder |
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Peritoneal inclusion cyst occur in patients with |
trauma, surgical history, PID endometriosis |
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Peritoneal inclusion cysts are located |
adherent to surface of ovary but not in ovarian parenchyma |
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Epithelial/stroma tumors |
most common |
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germ cell |
20% benign 95% teretomas |
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the most common germ cell tumor is |
Dermoid cyst (20%) |
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dermoids cysts occur in |
women of childbearing age (80%) |
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dermoid cyst malignancy % |
30% |
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Desmond cyst signs |
dermoid plug- hair teeth fat tip of the iceberg= hair dermoid mesh- hair fibers |
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Epithelial tumor 5 |
70% benign 30% malignant |
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Most common epithelial tumors |
serous and mucinous |
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Most common benign tumor of the ovary in middle aged females |
serous cystadenoma tumors |
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serous cystadenomas is usually |
unilateral
7-30% are bilateral |
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serous cystadenoma appears |
thin walled, unilocular with thin septa usually unilateral multilocular cysts with sepatations |
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mucinous cystadenomas comprises what % of all benign tumors? |
20% |
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muinous cystadenomas size |
15-30 cm up to 100 lbs |
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mucinous cystadenomas are usually |
unilateral |
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Stroma tumors fibromas are what % of ovarian neoplasms? |
5% |
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fibromas are what % unilateral |
90% |
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most common tumor assoc. with meig's syndrome |
fibroma |
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stroma unique trait |
resolves after removal |
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thecoma produces |
estrogen |
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thecoma appearance |
similar to fibroma with calcifications |
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most common tumor in post menopausal women
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granulosa cell tumors |
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granulosa cell tumor symptom |
vaginal bleeding/ endometrial ca |
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sertoli-lydig cell tumors are seen in? malignancy potential? |
rare under 30 y.o.a 20% |
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the likelihood of developing a malignacy of the ovary is |
1/70 or 1/100 |
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ovarian cancer begins of |
the surface of the ovary |
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most common ovary cancer |
epithelial carcinoma |
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germ cell tumors begin in |
egg producing cells |
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stromal tumors being n |
the supportive tissue surrounding the ovaries |
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malignancy vascularity |
low resistive |
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mucinous cystadenocarcinoma is found in how many menopausal women |
105 |
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mucinous cystadenocarcinoma rupture can cause |
locualted ascites with mass effect |
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mucinous cystadenocarcinoma appearance |
septated mass with thick irregular walls , ascites with bright punctuate echoes |
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serous cystadenocarcinoma constitutes how much ovarian ca |
60-80%
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serous cystadenocarcinoma bilateral |
50% |
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serous cystadenocarcinoma appearance |
cystic structure with sepatations and/or papillary projection |
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Brenner Tumor appearance |
solid tumor 50% calcifications |
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Clear cell tumors
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Unclassified tumors that cannot be allotted to one of the groups |
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Fibrosarcoma is what type of tumor?
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Strom |
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Fibrosarcoma bilateral % |
10% |
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Fibrosarcoma appearance |
Solid hyperechoic |
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Germ cell tumors
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Uncommon and aggressive Seen in young women or adolescents Frequently unilateral Curable if found early |
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Germ cell tumor types
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Endodermal sinus tumor Olyembryoma Choriocarcinoma Teratoma> most common |
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Germ cell tumor clinical signs
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Palpable mass |
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Germ cell labs |
Increased AFP and hCG |
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Germ cell tumor appearance |
More solid than cystic |
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Dysgerminoma
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Low grade malignant tumor of ovary Bilateral Children and adolescents Local spread is frequent Solid |
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Yolk sac tumor
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Rapid growth , poor prognosis Seen in young women |
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Yolk sac tumor labs |
Increased AFP |
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Yolk sac tumor appearance |
Dysgerminoma like |
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Malignant teratomas / immature teratomas Characterized by |
The presence of a wide variety of embryonic tissue elements in varying stages of differentiation |
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Malignant teratomas %s |
10-20% of ovarian cancer in females under 20 |
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Malignant teratoma appearance |
Occasionally it is predominantly cystic |
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Ovation mets
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Can come from bowel, breast, lung and endometrium |
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Krukenberg |
Bilateral ovarian tumor in older women from bowel |
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Krukenberg appearance
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Bilateral Solid or solid with moth eaten pattern |
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Ovarian torsion seen in
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commonly early childhood ages 10 and under |
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Ovarian torsion |
Ovary rotates in its pedicle
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Ovarian torsion clinical signs
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Severe pelvic pain, nausea, vomiting, palpable adnexal mass
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Ovarian torsion so no appearance
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Enlarged ovaries Hyperechoic Dilated vessels on periphery of ovary Doppler demonstrates absence of flow |
