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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ecology |
the study of the interactions among organisms and their environment |
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Biotic |
something living |
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Abiotic |
something non-living |
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Autotroph |
organisms that make their own food |
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Heterotroph |
organisms that obtain their food from the environment |
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Herbivore |
animals that feed only on plants |
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Carnivore |
animals that feed on other animals |
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Predator |
feed on prey they kill |
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Scavenger |
feed on dead animals they find |
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Omnivore |
animals that feed on both plant and animals |
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Decomposer |
organisms that feed on dead plants or animals |
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Symbiotic |
a relationship between two closely associated organisms in which at least one benefits |
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Mutualism |
both organisms benefits (+,+) |
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Commensalism |
one organism benefits while the other is not affected (+,0) |
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Parasitism |
one organism benefits while the other is harmed (+,-) |
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Biosphere |
portion of the earth where all living things exist |
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Ecosystem |
all of the biotic and abiotic factors in a given area |
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Community |
all the members of all of the species in a given area |
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Population |
all members of a single species in a given area |
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Niche |
the role of a species in a given ecosystem |
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Food chain |
a series of organisms through which food energy is passed |
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Producer |
produce organic substances from inorganic substances |
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Primary consumer |
herbivores or omnivores |
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Secondary consumer |
carnivores or omnivores |
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Food web |
interconnected food chains- different organisms are at different levels and there are many at each level |
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Biomagnification |
each higher level of consumers accumulates large quantities of poisonous substances |
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Biodiversity |
the variation of life in an ecosystem |
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Renewable resources |
those resources that are replaced by natural processes (air,water,salt) |
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Non-renewable resources |
those resources that can only be taken from the earth once (metals,coal,oil,natural gas,minerals) |
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Primary succession |
an area with no existing life |
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Secondary succession |
existing community partially destroyed |
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Ecological succession |
one community replaces another |
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Dominant species |
the few species of each stage of succession that controls or has the greatest affect on the community |
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Climax community |
a mature,stable community where conditions are suitable for all members |
