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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is taxonomy?
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study of classifying organisms.
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What is a taxonomist? What is a taxon?
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scientists who study classifying; (taxa=plural) a category into which realted organisms are placed.
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What are the six reasons of classification?
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Every Nautical Plant Likes Dirt Raw=
1(shows)Evolutionary relationships 2 Names organisms 3 prevents misnomers 4(same) language/Latin 5 (prevents) Duplicated names 6 Rules for naming |
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Who was the first taxonomist to divide organisms into land, sea, and air dwellers?
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Aristotle.
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Who developed the system of binomial nomenclature
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Linnaeus.
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How do you write a scientific name?
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With the genus capitilized and the species in lower case, either underlined or italicized in print. The genus can be abbreviated, but not the species.
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What is morphology?
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Similar structure and function in an organism; used by Linnaeas to place organims in taxa.
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What were Linneaus's two kingdoms?
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Animalia and Plantae
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What are the 6 taxa called?
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Kingdom
Phylum/Division Class Order Family Genus species (every capitilized except species) (King Phillip Came Over For Green Soup) |
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How are plants and bacteria subdivided?
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Plants=varieties
Bacteria=strains |
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What are homologous structures?
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same structure, different function; show common ancestory.
ex. human's arm v. penguin's flipper v. a bat's wing. |
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What are analogous structures?
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same function, different structure; do not show a close relationship.
ex. insect wing v. bird wing |
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What are the six kingdoms of modern taxonomy?
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Archaebacteria
Eubacteria Protista Fungi Plantae Anamalia Ants Eat Pumpkin Flavored Pants All the time! |
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Which kingdoms are unicellular prokaryotes and lack a nucleus?
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Archaebacteria and Eubacteria
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How do fungi obtain energy (eat)?
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By obsorbing nutrients b/c they are herterotrophs.
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Where do archaebacteria live?
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harsh enviroments; salty lakes, intestines of mammals, sulfur springs etc
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Are archaebacteria autotrophs or heterotrophs?
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both.
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Are Protista heterotrophs or autotrophs? Unicellular or multicellular?
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both heterotrophic(ameba) and autotrophic(euglena); mainly unicellular/few multicellular.
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Who was the first taxonomist to divide organisms into land, sea, and air dwellers?
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Aristotle.
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Who developed the system of binomial nomenclature
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Linnaeus.
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How do you write a scientific name?
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With the genus capitilized and the species in lower case, either underlined or italicized in print. The genus can be abbreviated, but not the species.
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What is morphology?
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Similar structure and function in an organism; used by Linnaeas to place organims in taxa.
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What were Linneaus's two kingdoms?
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Animalia and Plantae
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What are the 6 taxa called?
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Kingdom
Phylum/Division Class Order Family Genus species (every capitilized except species) (King Phillip Came Over For Green Soup) |
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How are plants and bacteria subdivided?
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Plants=varieties
Bacteria=strains |
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What are homologous structures?
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same structure, different function; show common ancestory.
ex. human's arm v. penguin's flipper v. a bat's wing. |
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What are analogous structures?
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same function, different structure; do not show a close relationship.
ex. insect wing v. bird wing |
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What are the six kingdoms of modern taxonomy?
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Archaebacteria
Eubacteria Protista Fungi Plantae Anamalia Ants Eat Pumpkin Flavored Pants Always |
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Which kingdoms are unicellular prokaryotes and lack a nucleus?
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Archaebacteria and Eubacteria
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How do fungi obtain energy (eat)?
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By obsorbing nutrients b/c they are herterotrophs.
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Where do archaebacteria live?
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harsh enviroments; salty lakes, intestines of mammals, sulfur springs etc
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Are archaebacteria autotrophs or heterotrophs?
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both.
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Are Protista heterotrophs or autotrophs? Unicellular or multicellular?
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both heterotrophic(ameba) and autotrophic(euglena); mainly unicellular/few multicellular.
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What is phylogeny?
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the evolutionary history/development of multiple organisms.
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What are phylogenic trees?
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branching diagrams showing how organisms are related evolutionally, based on fossil records. Also called family trees
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What is at the base of a phylogenic tree? At the tips of the branches?
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a common ancestor! the most modern organisms!
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What happened when a branch divides into a smaller branch?
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a new species evolves!
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What does a cladogram show?
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how organisms are realted based on shared, derived characteristics.
ex. feathers, hair, scales |
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What is the Three Domain system?
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a system dividing organisms into three groups based on the similaritites in thier RNA sequences.
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What are the Three Domains called?
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Bacteria (Eubacteria), Archaea (Archaebacteria), and Eukarya (eukaryotes/Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalaia)
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