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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A characteristic that is inherited
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trait |
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Study of hereditary patterns and variation in organisms
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genetics |
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Type of organism whose ancestors were genetically uniform
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purebred |
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Mating of two organisms
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cross |
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Mendel’s first law, stating that (1) organisms inherit two copies of genes, one from each parent, and (2) organisms donate only one copy of each gene in their gametes because the genes separate during gamete formation
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Law of Segregation |
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Specific region of DNA that codes for a particular protein
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gene |
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An alternate form of a gene
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alelle |
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Having two different alleles that appear at the same locus of sister chromatids
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heterozygous |
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Having two of the same alleles at the same locus of sister chromatids
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homozygous |
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All of an organism’s genetic material
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genome |
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Collection of all of an organism’s genetic information that codes for traits
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genotype |
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Collection of an organism’s physical characteristics
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phenotype |
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Allele that is expressed when two different alleles are present in an organism’s genotype
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dominant |
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Allele that is not expressed unless two copies are present in an organism’s genotype
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recessive |
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Model for predicting all possible genotypes resulting from a cross, or mating
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Punnett Square |
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Cross, or mating, between organisms that involves only one pair of contrasting traits
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monohybrid cross |
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Cross, or mating, between organisms involving two pairs of contrasting traits
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dihybrid cross |
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Exchange of chromosome segments between homologous chromosomes during meiosis I
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crossing over |
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- Cross between an organism with an unknown genotype and an organism with a recessive genotype
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testcross |
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Mendel’s second law, stating that allele pairs separate from one another during gamete formation
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Law of Independent Assortment |
