Unit 1 Vocab

Front 1

Adage

Back 1

(n.) a proverb, wise saying

Front 2

bonanza

Back 2

(n.) a rich mass of ore in a mine, something very valuable, profitable, or rewarding, a source of wealth or prosperity, a very large amount, sudden profit of gain

Front 3

churlish

Back 3

(adj.) lacking politeness or good manner, lacking sensitivity, difficult to work with or deal with, rude

Front 4

citadel

Back 4

a fortess that over looks adn protects a city, any strong or commanding place

Front 5

collaborate

Back 5

to work with, work together

Front 6

decree

Back 6

an order having the force of law, (v.) to issue an order, to command firmly or forcefully

Front 7

discordant

Back 7

(adj.) disagreeavble in sound, jarring, lacking in harmony, comflicting

Front 8

evolve

Back 8

(v.) to develop gradually, to rise to a higher level

Front 9

excerpt

Back 9

(n.) a passage taken from a book, article, etc. (v.) to take such a passage, to quote

Front 10

grope

Back 10

(v.) to feel about hesitantly with hands, to search blindly and uncertainly

Front 11

hover

Back 11

(v.) to float or hang suspended over, to move back and forth uncertainly over or around

Front 12

jostle

Back 12

(v.) to make or force one's way by pushing or elbowing, to bump, brush against, to compete for

Front 13

laggard

Back 13

(n.) a person who moves slowly or falls behind, (adj.) falling behind, slow to move, act , or respond

Front 14

plaudits

Back 14

(n, pl.) applause, enthusiastic praise or approval.

Front 15

preclude

Back 15

(v.) to make impoosible, prevent, shut out

Front 16

revert

Back 16

(v.) to return, go back

Front 17

rubble

Back 17

(n.) broken stone or bricks, ruins

Front 18

servile

Back 18

(adj.) of or relating to a slave, behaving like or suitable to a slave or a servant, menial, lacking spirit or independence, abjectly submissvie

Front 19

vigil

Back 19

(n.) a watch, especially at night, any period of watchful attention

Front 20

wrangle

Back 20

(v.) to quarrel or argue in a noisy, angry way, to obtain by argument, to herd, (n.) a noisy quarrel