Unit 1: The Cell Notes

Front 1

What is the relationship between Science & Technology?

Back 1

Science is the application of technology and Technology is the application of Science.

Front 2

What are the steps of the Scientific Method?

Back 2

-State the Problem
-Form hypothesis
-Test hypothesis w/ experiment
-Record & analyze data
-Conclusion

Front 3

How do living things differ from nonliving things?

Back 3

grow & develop
made up of cells
responsiveness
obtain and use energy
(all do differently)

Front 4

Levels of Organization?

Back 4

Molecular level
Celluar level
Tissue level
Organ level
Organ sytem

Front 5

Molecular level

Back 5

simplest part of a living system

Front 6

Cellular level

Back 6

basic unit of structure and function

Front 7

Tissue level

Back 7

group of cells performing a specifc function in an organism

Front 8

organ level

Back 8

different types of tissues combined togethor for a specific purpose

Front 9

organ system

Back 9

made up of several organs working togethor to perform a specifc function.

Front 10

plasnolysis

Back 10

cell membrane shrinks away from cell wall

Front 11

before microscopes were invented what was the cause of infection and disease?

Back 11

curses and supernatural's. without microscopes there was no way to see viruses and bacteria.

Front 12

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

Back 12

made first microscope which at that time was nothing more than a magnifying glass.

Front 13

Name the fluid filled organelle in the plant cell that is used for storage of sugars, ions, lipids other dissolved materials, and water

Back 13

Vacuole

Front 14

Anton Van Leewehhoek

Back 14

recognized for deveolping the 1st microscope which was nothing more than an magnifying glass.

Front 15

3 capabilities of chloroplasts

Back 15

-site of photosynthesis
-contain green pigment chlorophyll that cause green
-absorb sunlight
-provide food for plant

Front 16

Why is the mitochondria known as the powerhouse of the cell?

Back 16

it is the site of aerobic respiration and the cell uses it for energy

Front 17

2 types of nucleic acids?

Back 17

DNA & RNA

Front 18

"Cells come from preexisting cell"- is part of the cell theory said by whom?

Back 18

Rudolph Virchow

Front 19

Cell Theory?

Back 19

1. All living things are composed of at least 1 or more cells.
2. Cells are the basic unit of structure& function
3. Cells come from preexisting cells

Front 20

What exactly was the 1st developed microscope?

Back 20

a magnifying glass

Front 21

Who came of with the term "cell" and why did he name it that?

Back 21

Robert Hooke. He discovered the 1st cell in a cork. He described it as many litte boxes, so he called them cells.

Front 22

fluid inside the nucleus

Back 22

Nucleoplasm

Front 23

what were 2 things that people thought caused disease before microscopes were developed

Back 23

curses & supernaturals

Front 24

Proteins are synthesized by what type of nucleic acid?

Back 24

RNA

Front 25

Who discovered the animal cell?

Back 25

Theodor Schwann

Front 26

Organelle

Back 26

specialized structures in the cell that carry out different metabolic functions

Front 27

type of cells that contain sturctures

Back 27

Eukaryotes

Front 28

organelle that carries out photosynthesis

Back 28

chloroplast

Front 29

largest organelle in plant cell

Back 29

vacuole

Front 30

internal membrane system in cells in which components of the cell membrane are assembled and some proteins are modified

Back 30

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Front 31

flexible barriar around the cell

Back 31

cell membrane

Front 32

brain of cell where DNA is located

Back 32

nucleus

Front 33

type of cell where there are no organelles

Back 33

Prokaryotes

Front 34

energy requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference

Back 34

Active Transport

Front 35

group of organs working togethor to perform a specific function

Back 35

organ system

Front 36

small dense region within most nuclei in which the assembly of ribosomes begin.

Back 36

nucleolus

Front 37

group of tissues working togethor to perform specific functions

Back 37

organ

Front 38

What is in the mitochondria

Back 38

ATP

Front 39

Long thin fiber that functions in the movement & support of the cell

Back 39

mircofilament

Front 40

process by which extensions of cytoplasm surround large particles and take them into the cell

Back 40

Endocytosis

Front 41

collection of liveing tissue matter enclosed by a barrier that separates it from its surroundings.

Back 41

cell

Front 42

process by which water passes through the membrane of the cell

Back 42

osmosis

Front 43

process by which material moves from an area of high concentration to lower concentration

Back 43

diffusion

Front 44

granular material visible within the nucleus: uncoiled DNA

Back 44

chromatin

Front 45

double layered sheet that forms the core of nearly all cell membranes.

Back 45

phospholipid bilayer

Front 46

network of protein filaments that provides the cell with structure.

Back 46

mircofilament/microtubule

Front 47

cell organell filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell

Back 47

lysosomes

Front 48

discovered the first living plant cell

Back 48

Shliedan

Front 49

3 capabilities of chloroplasts

Back 49

* houses chlrophyll
* produces carbon dioxide/oxy.
* absorb sunlight, sight of photosynthesis

Front 50

the cell membrane can be described as being _____

Back 50

selectively permeable

Front 51

lysosomes

Back 51

take care of everything cell does not need

Front 52

Centrioles

Back 52

only appear in animal cells. Always seen in pairs.

Front 53

golgi complex-

Back 53

ship and package proteins that come from ribosomes.

Front 54

diff. b/t Eukaryotes & Prokaryotes

Back 54

Prokaryotes lack internal structure and most are single celled organisims. Eukaryotes contain internal structure.