Unit 1 (Second Order) Anatomy

Front 1

Trapezius

Back 1

A: Stabilizes, elevates, rotate and retracts scapula

O: External protuberance; medial one-third of superior nuchal line; nuchal ligament; spinous processes of vertebrae (C7-T3/4)

Front 2

Trapezius

Back 2

I: Acromion and spine of scapula; lateral one-third of clavicle

Innerv: Accessory nerve; anterior rami of spinal nerve

Front 3

Latissimus dorsi

Back 3

A: Adduct and medially rotates humerus

O: Vertebrae T7-L5; lower 3/4 ribs ;iliac crest; thoracolumbar fascia

Front 4

Latissimus dorsi

Back 4

I: Floor of intertubular sulcus of humerus

Innerv: Thoracodorsal nerve

Front 5

Rhomboid Major

Back 5

A: adduct, stabilize, rotate scapula

O: Spinous processes of T2-T5

Front 6

Rhomboid Major

Back 6

I: Medial border of scapula

Innerv: dorsal scapular

Front 7

Rhomboid minor

Back 7

A: Adduct, stabilize, rotate scapula

Innerv: dorsal scapular

Front 8

Levator scapulae

Back 8

A: elevate scapula and bend neck

Innerv: dorsal scapula nerve C5 spinal nerves C3-C4

Front 9

Deltoid

Back 9

A: flex, extend, laterally and medially rotates arm; abduct arm;

O: Acromion and spine of scapula; clavicle

Front 10

Deltoid

Back 10

I: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Innerv: Axillary nerve

Front 11

Teres major (A, I)

Back 11

A: Extends and medially rotates humerus

Innerv: lower subscapular nerve

Front 12

Teres minor(A, O)

Back 12

A: modulates action of deltoid, preventing humeral to slide upward as arm is abducted; medially rotates humerus

O: lateral border and adjacent posterior surface of scapula

Front 13

Teres minor (I, I)

Back 13

I: Greater tubercle of humerus; posterior surface of scapula

Innerv: upper and lower subscapular nerve

Front 14

Infraspinatus ( A, I)

Back 14

A: modulates action of deltoid, preventing from sliding upward; laterally rotates humerus

Innerv: suprascapular nerve

Front 15

supraspinatus( A, O)

Back 15

A: Aids deltoid in abduction of arm

O: supraspinatous fossa of scapula

Front 16

supraspinatus (I, I)

Back 16

I: Greater tubercle of humerus

Innerv: suprascapular nerve

Front 17

subscapularis (A, I)

Back 17

A: medially rotates humerus

I: upper and lower subscapular nerve

Front 18

Serratus anterior (A, O)

Back 18

A: Holds scapula against rib cage; protracts scapula

O: All or nearly all ribs

Front 19

Serratus anterior (I, I)

Back 19

I: medial border of scapula

Innerv: long thoracic nerve

Front 20

Serratus posterior superior (A, I)

Back 20

A: elevates ribs (forced inspiration)

Innerv: anterior primary rami (T2-5)

Front 21

Serratus posterior inferior (A, I)

Back 21

A: depresses ribs (exhalation)

Innerv: anterior primary rami (T9-12)

Front 22

Levator costarum (A, I)

Back 22

A: elevates ribs

Innerv: posterior primary rami

Front 23

Splenius capitis (A, O)

Back 23

A: extend head; slight rotation of the head

O: Spinous processes of C7-T6, inferior half of nuchal ligament

Front 24

Splenius capitis (I, I)

Back 24

I: Cervical vertebrae C1-C2/ C3; mastoid process and occipital bone just below the superior nuchal line

Innerv: posterior rami of middle cervical nerves

Front 25

Splenius cervicis (A, I)

Back 25

A: extends and rotates cervica spine

Innerv: posterior primary rami of c5, 6

Front 26

Iliocostalis MM (A, I)

Back 26

A: maintains posture, straightens spine after one bends at the waist

Innerv: posterior rami of cervical to lumbar spinal nerves

Front 27

Longissimus MM (A, I)

Back 27

A: maintains posture, straightens spine after one bends at the waist

Innerv: posterior rami of cervical to lumbar spinal nerves

Front 28

Spinalis MM (A, I)

Back 28

A: maintains posture, straightens spine after one bends at the waist

I: posterior rami of cervical to lumbar spinal nerves

Front 29

Semispinalis MM

Back 29

A: extension and contralateral rotation of vertebral column

I: posterior rami of cervical and thoracic spinal nerves

Front 30

Multifidus MM

Back 30

A: maintenance of posture, stabilization of adjacent vertebrae

I: posterior rami of cervical to lumbar spinal nerves

Front 31

Rotatores MM

Back 31

A:

I:

Front 32

Dura mater

Back 32

A:

I:

Front 33

Arachnoid

Back 33

A:

I:

Front 34

Pia mater

Back 34

A:

I:

Front 35

Spinal N

Back 35

A:

I:

Front 36

Dorsal roots

Back 36

A:

I:

Front 37

Ventral roots

Back 37

A:

I:

Front 38

spinal ganglion/ Dorsal root ganglion

Back 38

A:

I:

Front 39

Conus medullaris

Back 39

A:

I:

Front 40

Cauda equina

Back 40

A:

I:

Front 41

Filum terminale

Back 41

A:

I:

Front 42

Gluteus maximus (A, O)

Back 42

A: abducts thigh, extends thigh at hip

O: posterior gluteal line of ilium

Front 43

Gluteus maximus (I, I)

Back 43

I; gluteal tuberosity of femur

Innerv: inferior gluteal nerve

Front 44

Piriformis ( A, I)

Back 44

A: laterally rotates extended thigh; abducts flexed thigh

Innerv: spinal nerves L5-S2

Front 45

Gluteus medius (A, O)

Back 45

A: abduct and medially rotate thigh

O: most of lateral surface of ilium between crest and acetabulum

Front 46

Gluteus medius (I, I)

Back 46

I: Greater trochanter or femur

Innerv: Superior gluteal nerve

Front 47

Superior gluteal AA

Back 47

Above piriformis
supplies gluteus max, med, min

Front 48

Superior gluteal VV

Back 48

accompany arteries

Front 49

Superior gluteal NN

Back 49

follows superior gluteal arteries

supplies gluteus med, min, and t.f.i

Front 50

Gluteus minimus (A, I)

Back 50

A: Abduct and medially rotate thigh

Innerv: superior gluteal nerve

Front 51

Sciatic N

Back 51

(L4-S3) *supplies no muscles in the gluteal region

largest nerve of the body
tibial
common fibular

Front 52

Inferior gluteal AA

Back 52

below piriformis

supplies gluteus max, and other inferior gluteal muscles

Front 53

Inferior gluteal VV

Back 53

accompany arteries

Front 54

Inferior gluteal NN

Back 54

supplies gluteus maximus

Front 55

Superior gemellus (A, I)

Back 55

A: laterally rotates extended thigh, abducts flexed thigh

I: Nerve to obturator internus

Front 56

Obturator internus (A, I)

Back 56

A: laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh

I: Nerve to obturator internus

Front 57

Inferior gemellus (A, I)

Back 57

laterally rotates extended thigh; abducts flexed thigh

Innerv: Nerve to quadratus femoris

Front 58

Quadratus femoris (A, I)

Back 58

A; laterally rotate thigh

I: nerve to quadratus femoris