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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a Hypothesis?
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A tentative explanation that accounts for a set of facts and can be tested by further investigation. It can be supported, modified, or rejected based on collected data. Experiments are designed to test hypotheses, and any valid hypothesis can be tested.
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What is a Conclusion?
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By examing the data from the experiment, the investigator determines if the hypothesis is supported by the data and should be accepted, or is not supported and must be rejected.
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What is an Independent Variable?
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The factor that is deliberately manipulated in an experiment.
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What is a Dependnent Variable?
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The factor that changes as a result of manipulation of the independent variable in an experiment.
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What is a Control?
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A standard of comparison in a scientific investigation.
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What is a Constant?
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A property, quality or conditions that remains unchanged in an experiment.
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What is an Experiment?
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A scientific investigation with the purpose of discovering something unknown or testing a hypothesis.
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What is a Theory?
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Systematic sets of concepts that offer explanations for observed patterns in nature. May change as new data becomes available.
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What is a Scientific Law?
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Generalizations of observational data that describe patterns and relationships. They may change as new data becomes available.
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What is Density?
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The ration of the amount of mass per unit volume.
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What is Mass?
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A measure of the amount of matter in an object.
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What is Volume?
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A measure of the amount of space an object occupies.
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What is Latitude?
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Imaginary lines running east-west and measuring North and South of the Equator. Lines are measured in angular degrees north or south of the equator and correspond to the angle created between the parallel of latitude and the equator with the center of the earth at the apex. One degree may be broken into 60 minutes and one minute into 60 seconds (10 = 60’ and 1’=60”)
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What is Equator?
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Imaginary line running east-west that separates the earth into two equal halves or hemispheres (northern and southern hemisphere).
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What is Longitude?
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Imaginary lines running north-south and measuring East and West of the Prime Meridian. Lines are measured in angular degrees east and west of the Prime Meridian until reaching the International Date Line, and correspond to the angle created between the meridian of longitude and the Prime Meridian with the center of the earth at the apex. One degree may be broken into 60 minutes and one minute into 60 seconds (10 = 60’ and 1’=60”)
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What is the Prime Meridian?
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00 Longitude. This imaginary line runs from the North to South pole through Greenwich, England and marks the boundary between eastern and western hemispheres.
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What is the international Date Line?
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180 degrees Longitude. This imaginary line from the North to South poles is on the opposite side of the earth from the Prime Meridian and completes the separation of eastern and western hemispheres as well as marking the boundary of calendar day.
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What is Remote Sensing?
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Any of a system of instruments/methods that allow data collection and interpretation of distant objects or from a different point of view of the investigator (Example: Satellite images, Aerial photography, etc.)
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What is GPS?
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Global Positioning System – A system involving multiple satellites that can pinpoint coordinates and elevation.
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What is GIS?
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Geographic Information System – A computer database of information that can be queried to produce maps highlighting requested data.
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What is a Map Projection?
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A term describing the method by which a flat map is made from a cylindrical globe.
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What is a Mercator map projection?
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A cylindrical projection of the globe that makes lines of longitude parallel greatly distorting the polar regions.
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What is Conic map projection?
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A map projection formed by placing a cone of paper over the globe and projecting lines and features on the cone, then unfurling the cone.
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What is a Legend?
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A feature on a map that explains what symbols on the map mean. It is also known as a key.
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What is a Scale?
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a feature on a map that relates distances on the map to distances in the real world. There are three types: ratio, graphic, and verbal.
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What is Topography?
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The study of the relief of an area.
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What is Topographical Profile?
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A drawing of the side view of a geographic feature that was constructed from the contour lines.
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What is Elevation?
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Height above sea level
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What is Contour Line?
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Line on a topographic map that connects points of equal elevation
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What is Contour Interval?
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Difference in elevation between side by side contour lines.
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What is Relief?
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Difference in elevation between the highest and lowest points.
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What is Depression?
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A hole or low area. The first depression contour shown with hachure marks repeats the previous elevation before descending into the low area.
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What is Gradient/Slope?
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(Slope) – The change in elevation between two points divided by the horizontal distance between the two points.
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