Unit 1 Key Terms

Front 1

PLYMOUTH COLONY

Back 1

Who: Separatists later known as Pilgrims
What: An English colony set up in North America (1620-91)
Where: In modern Massachusetts
Sig: Early permanent Puritan settlement

Front 2

MAYFLOWER COMPACT 1620

Back 2

Who: the separatist pilgrims who crossed the Atlantic aboard the Mayflower drafted it.
What: The Mayflower Compact was the first governing document of Plymouth Colony.
Where: It was signed on November 11, 1620 in what is now Provincetown Harbor
Sig: was signed to establish a civil government based upon a majoritarian model and to proclaim the settlers' allegiance to the king

Front 3

HEADRIGHT SYSTEM

Back 3

Who: to new settlers or those of large households
What: A system of land distribution. Legal grant of land to settlers
Where: Across the Colonies
Sig: land given to those willing to cross the Atlantic Ocean, expanded thirteen British colonies

Front 4

FUNDAMENTAL ORDERS OF CONNECTICUT 1639

Back 4

Who: adopted by the freemen of the three towns assembled at Hartford
What: basic law of Connecticut colony
Where: in Connecticut colony
Sig: order gave men more voting rights and greater chances of running for positions

Front 5

MERCANTILISM

Back 5

Who: practice of commercialism
What: developed during decay of feudalism to increase power and wealth under strict government policies
Where: in 1838 America
Sig: designed to secure a balance of trade or bullion and established foreign trading monopolies

Front 6

TRIANGULAR TRADE

Back 6

Who: Any empire of enough surplus for exports and etc.
What: trade routes across Atlantic
Where: Across the Atlantic, from Americas to Africa to Britain
Sig: importation of slavery, provided trade imbalancement

Front 7

THE GREAT AWAKENING

Back 7

Who: us religious culture
What: a period of revival of Anglo-American history
Where: period of revolution in America
Sig: revivalment of inspired protestant reformation

Front 8

IRON ACT 1750

Back 8

Who: the british
What: restrict on manufactured activities in America
Where: upon America
Sig: an attempt to concentrate manufacturing in Britain

Front 9

INDENTURED SERVANTS

Back 9

Who: a laborer under contract
What: debt bondage worker
Where: in Americas in 1600-1700’s
Sig: different from slaves

Front 10

GEORGE WASHINGTON

Back 10

Who: the first president
What: central role for the formation in US
Where: East America
Sig: commander of continental army

Front 11

PROCLAMATION OF 1763

Back 11

Who: by king of England in oct
What: An attempt to prevent colonial tensions with Native Americans
Where: set in America
Sig: attempt to stop westward expansion

Front 12

SALUTARY NEGLECT

Back 12

Who: British Government/North American Colonies
What: an undocumented British policy of avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws which were meant to keep NA colonies loyal to Britain.
Where: 1607-1763, Britain/North American Colonies
Significance: Led to the creation of a North American colony government in which they then governed themselves and became successfully independent on their own.

Front 13

STAMP ACT 1765

Back 13

Who: British, American Colonies involved
What: Was a tax imposed by the British Parliament on the colonies of North America to help pay for cost of 7 year war funds
Where: Britain, American Colonies 1765.
Significance: Led to American Revolution. Colonists were tired of Britain’s intervention and this sealed the deal. Taxed a lot of everyday necessities, thus raising the price on them/more expensive items.

Front 14

STAMP ACT CONGRESS

Back 14

Who: Prime Minister Greenville
What: Tax on all Americans to buy stamps for ships’ paper and legal documents.
Where: England and America
Significance: Taxes mainly used to regulate commerce and raise money.

Front 15

SONS OF LIBERTY

Back 15

Who: Sons of Liberty or men in Boston.
What: Rioters terrorized stamp agents and burned the stamps.
Where: Boston
Significance: Protestors against Stamp act burnt the stamps and destroyed Thomas Hutchinson’s house that was the lieutenant governor.

Front 16

COMMITTEES OF CORRESPONDENCE

Back 16

Who: Sam Adams
What: Publicized criticisms against England
Where: Boston
Significance: Grew loose network of political organizations.

Front 17

BOSTON MASSACRE

Back 17

Who: Samuel Adams leading figure in riot and liberty boys
What: Liberty boys threw rocks and snowballs at customhouses.
Where: On March 5, 1770 in Boston
Significance: Intense protest against Stamp Act that killed civilians.

Front 18

INTOLERABLE (COERCIVE) ACTS 1774

Back 18

Who: Bostonians, George III and Lord North.
What: Objective was to provide civil government and extend boundaries of Quebec to include French communities between Ohio and Mississippi.
Where: Boston and England
Significance: Parliament closed port of Boston; reduced colonial self-government prevented royal officers to be tried in other colonies when accused of crimes, and provided housing of troops.

Front 19

SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS 1775

Back 19

Who: Delegates of 13 colonies
What: Raising armies, creating strategy, appointing diplomats, and making formal treaties.
Where: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Significance: Controlled the colonial war effort, and moved slowly towards independence, adopting Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776.

Front 20

NORTHWEST ORDINANCE

Back 20

Who: States Northwest of River Ohio.
What: Important support of education and provided sponsored high concept education.
Where: Northwest of River Ohio.
Significance: Northwest first organized territory of the United States out of the region south of the Great Lakes north and west of the Ohio River and east of the Mississippi River.

Front 21

DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

Back 21

Who: Thomas Jefferson wrote most of Declaration with help from Ben Franklin and John Adams.
What: Expressed beliefs and ideas throughout the colonies.
Where: America
Significance: United colonies should be and have right to be free and independent states.

Front 22

COMMON SENSE

Back 22

Who: Thomas Paine
What: Wrote pamphlet and wanted to turn anger of Americans away from parliamentary measures they were resisting and considered English constitution problem.
Where: Philadelphia
Significance: Helped change American outlook toward war.

Front 23

SHAY'S REBELLION

Back 23

Who: Daniel Shay, “shay sites” or regulators mostly farmers
What: Led rebels of poor farmers due to debt and taxes.
Where: Central and Western Massachusetts in 1760s and 1770s.
Significance: Rebellion when 1,000 shay sites were arrested and militia created by shay sites attacked the Springfield Armory.

Front 24

IMPLIED POWERS( ELASTIC CLAUSE)

Back 24

Who: Federalists
What: Federalists concern that clause would grant federal government unlimited power, would only allow execution of power already granted by the Constitution. Alexander Hamilton spoke vigorously for this second interpretation in the Federalist Papers as part of his argument for why the federal government required powers of taxation
Where: U.S.
Significance: congress can make no action unauthorized by constitution

Front 25

GREAT COMPROMISE

Back 25

Who: two houses of congress: senate and House of Representatives
What: combined Jersey and Virginia plan
Where: among states
Significance: ended issue of disagreements between larger and the smaller states

Front 26

DECLARATORY ACT

Back 26

WHO:colonial legistlatures
WHAT:act of parliament to regulate behavior of colonies
WHEN: 1766
WHERE: colonies
SIGNIF: called into question the right of a distant power to tax them without proper representation.

Front 27

QUARTERING ACT

Back 27

WHO:passed by parliament for British forces
WHAT: to ensure troops with adequate housing
WHEN:1765
WHERE: over colonies
SIGNIF: violated Bill of rights 1689

Front 28

TOWNSHEND ACT

Back 28

WHO:parliament, proposed by Charles Townshend
WHAT: a series of acts for
WHEN:1767
WHERE:
SIGNIF:

Front 29

TEA ACT

Back 29

WHO:
WHAT:
WHEN:
WHERE:
SIGNIF:

Front 30

BOSTON TEA PARTY

Back 30

WHO:
WHAT:
WHEN:
WHERE:
SIGNIF:

Front 31

COERCIVE ACTS

Back 31

WHO:
WHAT:
WHEN:
WHERE:
SIGNIF:

Front 32

MUTINY ACT

Back 32

WHO:
WHAT:
WHEN:
WHERE:
SIGNIF:

Front 33

SAMUEL ADAMS

Back 33

WHO:
WHAT:
WHEN:
WHERE:
SIGNIF: