Unit 1 Heart Sounds

Front 1

RIght side of heart

Back 1

Right Av valve or Tricuspid valve-- LUB

Front 2

Left side of heart

Back 2

Lt AV valve or Bicuspid valve- DUB

Front 3

what side of the heart do you hear the Pulmonary semi lunar valve?

Back 3

LEFT

Front 4

What side of the heart do you hear the aortic semi-lunar valve?

Back 4

RIGHT

Front 5

Right Ventricle

Back 5

Low pressure pump that receives deoxygenated blood

Front 6

Diastole

Back 6

during ventricular relaxation when the coronary arteries are perfused

Front 7

S4

Back 7

the extra heart sound you hear with S1

Front 8

S3

Back 8

the extra heart sound you hear with S2

Front 9

Patients with coronary artery disease may have trouble getting blood to the ________ ________ since this is the major systemic pump chamber it greatly affects cardiac output.

Back 9

left ventricle

Front 10

Average stroke volume

Back 10

70 ml

Front 11

Test to determine stroke volume

Back 11

Swan-ganz line

Front 12

Cardiac output of average adult

Back 12

4-8 liters per min

Front 13

Patient has a pulse of 60...determine the stroke volume

Back 13

70mlx60bpm=4200ml/min or 4.2 liters/minute

Front 14

Patient has a pulse of 80- determine the stroke volume

Back 14

70mlx80bpm=5600 ml/min or 5.6 liters/minute

Front 15

Patients who have taken too much beta blocker may have

Back 15

low cardiac output

Front 16

Ejection Fraction

Back 16

SV/EDV= % of total blood ejected from the heart w/each beat

Front 17

Normal ejection fraction

Back 17

50-70%

Front 18

Symptoms of low ejection fraction (below 50%)

Back 18

SOB fatigue cant complete ADLS

Front 19

Cardiac cycle

Back 19

1 heartbeat, one depolarization and one repolarization, HR= 60-100

Front 20

Cardiac reserve

Back 20

ability of the heart to respond to the bodies changing needs.

Front 21

EDV

Back 21

amount of blood in the ventricle right before ventricular contraction

Front 22

ESV

Back 22

amount of blood in the ventricle right after ventricular contraction

Front 23

Digoxin

Back 23

slows down heart

Front 24

Heart rate related to cardiac output if above 150

Back 24

decreased ventricular filling which decreases cardiac output. Needs digoxin!

Front 25

Heart rate related to cardiac output if too slow

Back 25

Elderly may need pacemaker. athletes may have low resting heart rate as they excercise their heart muscle puts out more blood- maybe 100 ml their HR can lower because they have larger stroke volume (squeeze) so they still have an adequate cardiac output

Front 26

the faster the heart beats the less filling in the chamber

Back 26

true

Front 27

Preload

Back 27

=fluid amount of cardiac muscle fiber retention or stretch that exists at the end of diastole just before the contraction of the ventricles

Front 28

What influences preload?

Back 28

venous return and the compliance of blood vessels

Front 29

Can we put a patient into heart failure if we give too much fluid?

Back 29

Yes

Front 30

Starlings law of the heart

Back 30

the greater the volume, the greater the stretch of the cardiac muscle fibers, and the greater the force with which fibers contract to accomplish emptying

Front 31

Starling law

Back 31

states that the force of the blood ejected by the heart is determined primarily by the length of the fibers of its muscular wall. ie= an increase in diastolic filling lengthens the fibers and increases the force of muscular contraction

Front 32

Preload increases

Back 32

anything that increases the fluid volume in the body

Front 33

what is happening to jenns heart when shes studying

Back 33

for sure wearing out from palpations and nervous energy

Front 34

Who wants a bloody mary

Back 34

Jenn

Front 35

Cardiac index

Back 35

the cardiac output adjusted for the patients body size also called the patients body surface area (BSA). this is a more accurate indicator of the effectiveness of the circulation

Front 36

What disorders can cause preload increases?

Back 36

renal disease

congestive heart disease

Vasoconstriction

IV fluid

Electrolyte imbalance

Front 37

Preload decreases

Back 37

anything that decreases fluid volume in the body

Front 38

preload decrease causes

Back 38

diuretics

blood loss

fluid restrictions

Front 39

Afterload

Back 39

the force the ventricles must overcome to eject their blood volume into the pulmonary artery and aorta (BP)

Front 40

The pressure in the arterial system ahead of the ventricles

Back 40

Afterload

Front 41

The right ventricle must generate enough tension to open the pulmonary valve and eject its volume into the low pressure pump arteries, measured as pulmonary vascular resistance

Back 41

PVR related to afterload

Front 42

SVR related to afterload

Back 42

afterload of the left ventricle is measured as systemic vascular resistance

Front 43

silent killer

Back 43

hypertension

Front 44

Pulmonary hypertension

Back 44

affects right sided afterload..no cure..

Front 45

Meds for pulmonary hypertension

Back 45

viagra

revatio

Front 46

what increases afterload

Back 46

hypertension, vasoconstriction

Front 47

what decreases afterload

Back 47

diuretics, antihypertensive meds, vasopressors,dopamine, epinephrine

Front 48

what does a vasopressor do?

Back 48

Increases heart rate

Front 49

MI

Back 49

Heart attack