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90 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Strict profile |
Complete side view |
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Twisted perspective |
Showing part of a figure in profile and another part of the figure in frontal view |
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Positive hand print |
Result of a painter dipping their hand in pigment and pressing it against the wall |
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Abstraction |
Freedom from representational qualities in art |
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Hierarchal proportioning |
Showing unnatural proportion or scale to depict the relative importance of figures |
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Naturalism |
Depiction of realistic objects in a natural setting |
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Bitumen |
Tarlike substance used to delineate pupils of eyes |
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Optical view |
View from a fixed viewpoint |
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Narrative |
Art telling a story |
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Composite view |
Showing part of a figure in profile and another part of the figure in frontal view |
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Incise |
Scratch |
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Intaglio |
Incising on a flat surface |
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Burin |
Pointed engraving tool |
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Descriptive view |
View showing more than possible in optical view |
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conceptual |
Based on mental concepts
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Composition |
Placement or arrangement of visual elements |
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Post and lintel |
Architectural system in which a lintel("beam") is put over posts(vertical columns) |
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Relief sculpture |
sculpture which projects from a wall but is engaged to the wall
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Symmetry |
Being made up of exactly similar parts facing each other or around an axis |
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Iconography |
Visual images and symbols used in a work |
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Stylized/schematized |
Represented in a non-naturalistic conventional form |
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Sacrum |
Large, triangular bone at the base of the spine |
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Anthropomorphic |
Having human characteristics |
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Apadana |
Royal audience hall |
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Negative handprint |
Result of a painter placing their hand against the wall and then brushing, blowing, or spitting pigment around it |
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Low/bas relief |
Art with figures projecting from their background
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Bucrania |
Sculpted ornament representing an ox skull adorned with wreaths, etc.
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Basalt/diorite |
Stone used in building in Egypt; the latter was rare, costly, and hard to carve
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Cuneiform |
A system of writing used in ancient Mesopotamia, in which wedge-shaped characters were produced by pressing a stylus into a soft clay tablet, which was then baked or otherwise allowed to hard |
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Ziggurat |
A monumental platform for a temple in ancient Mesopotamian architecture
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Lapis lazuli |
Blue rock used for decoration and jewelry
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Composite creature |
Creature made with assorted body parts from different animals |
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Capital |
Top member of a column |
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Putto figure |
Figure depicted as a chubby male child, usually nude and sometimes winged |
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Bent-axis |
Temple setup requiring several angular changes in direction for stairs, characteristically Sumerian |
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Stele |
Carved stone slab used to mark graves or commemorate historical events |
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Heraldic composition |
Composition that is symmetrical on either side of a symmetrical figure |
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City-state |
Sovereign state consisting of a city and its dependent territories |
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Cella |
Chamber a the center of an ancient temple
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Lamassu |
Assyrian protective deity often having a human's head, a body of an ox or a lion, and bird's wings |
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Eclectic |
Deriving ideas, style, or taste from a broad and diverse range of sources |
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Votive figure |
Figure from the Square Temple at Eshnunna used to offer prayers |
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Catal Huyuk |
Early experiments in urban living in Turkey; it contained houses adjoining one another with no doors, instead having roof access |
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Naram Sin |
Akkadian ruler; Sargon's grandson; Defeated the Lullubi |
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Sargon |
Akkadian ruler; ruled the loosely linked group of cities known as Sumer |
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Gilgamesh |
Hero of the Sumerian cuneiform text, the Epic of Giglamesh, in which he is the legendary king of Uruk and slayer of the monster Huwawa |
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Ashurnasirpal |
Assyrian king; drove his enemy's forces into the Euphrates River |
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Ashurbanipal |
Assyrian king; depicted in a relief of him hunting lions
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Jericho |
Neolithic town; plateau in the Jordan River valley with an unfailing spring; occupied as earlier as ninth millennium B.C.E.; underwent spectacular development around 8000 B.C.E. |
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Tigris/Euphrates |
Major river system is Western Asia
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Hammurabi |
Babylon's most powerful king; reestablished a centralized government that ruled southern Mesopotamia; famous for his conquests and law code
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Shamash |
Babylonian sun god; depicted as bestowing authority to rule and to enforce laws on Hammurabi
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Ishtar/Inanna |
Sumerian goddess of sexual love and warfare |
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Gudea |
Neo-Sumerian ruler; has many portraits |
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Rosetta Stone |
Stele from Egypt with the same message written in three different scripts |
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Hieroglyphics |
Egyptian scripts consisting of pictures |
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Senmut |
New Kingdom Egyptian tutor of Nefrua; removed by Hatshepsut due to belief that he had become too powerful |
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Sarcophagus |
Egyptian stone coffin |
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Lotus/papyrus |
Former was a symbol of Upper Egypt and is seen on various hieroglyphicson tomb and temple walls and as the tall white crown worn by the king of Upper Egypt; latter was a symbol of Lower Egypt and used for writing |
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Champollion |
Linguist who deduced that hieroglyphs were not simply pictographs; proposed that they were the signs of a once-spoken language |
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Narmer/Menes |
First Dynasty pharaoh; was around during the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt |
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Khafre |
Old Kingdom Egyptian king; son of Khufu |
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Ramses |
New Kingdom Egyptian king |
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Hatshepsut |
New Kingdom Egyptian queen(self-described King)
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Nefertiti |
New Kingdom Egyptian wife of Akhenaton |
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Tutankamen |
Post-Amarna New Kingdom Egyptian king; probably Akhenaton's son by a minor wife; ruled for a decade and died at age 18
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Senruset III |
Middle Kingdom Egyptian king; ruled during a time of civil unrest; fought four brutal military campaigns in Nubia
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Akhenaton |
New Kingdom Egyptian king; abandoned the worship of most Egyptian gods in favor of Aton
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Monotheism |
Belief in only one God
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Mortuary temple |
A temple near a tomb |
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Mastaba |
Egyptian tomb rectangular in shape with sloping sides and a flat roof |
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Necropolis |
Large cemetery with elaborate tomb monuments |
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Imhotep |
Old Kingdom architect under Djoser
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Portico |
A roofed colonnade
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Caryatid/atlantid |
Sculpted female/male figure serving as a column |
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Hypostyle hall |
Hall with columns supporting the roof |
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Clerestory |
High section of a wall with windows |
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Bilateral symmetry |
Sameness on two sides of an axis
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Engaged columns |
Column attached to a wall |
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Truncated |
Shortened |
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Pylon temple |
New Kingdom temple design that is bilaterally symmetric with an avenue running through
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Canon |
Standards in a society |
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True fresco |
Painting on a moist plaster
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secco fresco |
Painting on a dry plaster
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Ushabti |
Funerary figure used in Egypt |
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Re |
Egyptian falcon-headed sun god
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Osiris |
Egyptian river god of life and death |
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Horus |
Egyptian hawk and solar god
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Ka |
Egyptian soul or spirit that continues after death
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Book of the Dead |
Collection of Egyptian funerary texts to be used by the soul of the deceased for guidance in the afterlife |
