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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the Brand name of Ephedrine?
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Generic only, no brands available
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How is Ephedrine typically supplied (concentration)?
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50mg/1ml
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The usual induction dose of Ephedrine is?
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5-25mg bolus dose only, avg for a 70kg adult
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What is the time to onset of Ephedrine?
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<1 minute
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What is the time to peak of Ephedrine?
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2-5 minutes
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What is the duration of Ephedrine?
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10-60 minutes
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How is Ephedrine metabolized?
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minimal hepatic, mostly renal elimination (unchanged)
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What receptors does Ephedrine act on?
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alpha 1, beta1 & beta2
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What drug class is Ephedrine in?
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Indirect Acting Sympathomimetic (Synthetic Noncatecholemine)
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What is the mechanism of action of Ephedrine?
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alpha and beta adrenergic stimulation; norepinephrine release at sympathetic nerve endings
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What patients would you not give Ephedrine to?
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Avoid in patients taking MAO inhibitors
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What is the Brand name of Phenylephrine?
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Neo-Synephrine
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How is Phenylephrine typically supplied (concentration)?
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10mg/ml ampule, 100mcg/ml pre-made sticks
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The usual dose of Phenylephrine is?
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50-100mcg
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What is the time to onset of Phenylephrine?
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<1 min
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What is the time to peak of Phenylephrine?
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1 min
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What is the duration of Phenylephrine?
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15-20 mins
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How is Phenylephrine metabolized?
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Hepatic, renal elimination
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What receptors does Phenylephrine act on?
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direct alpha 1 (high dose alpha 2 & beta)
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What drug class is Phenylephrine in?
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adrenergic agoinst
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What is the mechanism of action of Phenylephrine?
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stimulates the post-synaptic alpha receptors, increased systemic vascular resistence, decreased cardiac output, increased stroke volume and bradycardia.
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What patients would you not give Phenylephrine to?
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Bradycardia, Ventricular tachycardia, Severe arteriosclerosis
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Is Phenylephrine a pure alpha agoist?
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No, in high doses it can have alpha 2 and beta activation
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What is the Brand name of Epinephrine?
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Epinephrine hydrochloride (generic), Adrenaline/Epinephrine (brand)
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How is Epinephrine typically supplied (concentration)?
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1mg/ml (1:1,000), 0.5mg/ml (1:2,000), 0.1mg (1:10,000), 0.01mg/ml (1:100,000)
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What is the dose of Epinephrine for treatment of cardiac arrest
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1mg or 0.02mg/kg
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What is the time to onset of Epinephrine?
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IV: 30-60sec, SC: 6-15min, intratracheal: 5-15sec, inhalation: 3-5min
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What is the time to peak of Epinephrine?
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IV peak effect is within 3 minutes
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What is the duration of Epinephrine?
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IV: 5-10min, intratracheal: 15-25min, inhalation/SC: 1-3hrs
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How is Epinephrine metabolized?
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Enzymatic degradation (hepatic, renal, GI tract)
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What receptors does Epinephrine act on?
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activates both alpha and beta receptors
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What drug class is Epinephrine in?
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sympathomimetic
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What is the mechanism of action of Epinephrine?
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Direct stimulation of apha 1, beta 1, and beta 2 receptors
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What patients would you not give Epinephrine to?
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Closed angle glaucoma, hypersensitivity, obstetric patients...but if the patient arrests, we're gonna give it to them anyways!
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What effect does Epinephrine have when mixed with local anesthetics?
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It decreases systemic absorption and prolongs duration of action
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What is the Brand name of Dopamine?
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Intropin
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How is Dopamine typically supplied (concentration)?
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200-400mg/5mL amp -- diluted 400 mg in 250 mL D5W
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The usual induction dose of Dopamine is?
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2-20 mcg/kg/min infusion
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What is the time to onset of Dopamine?
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2-4 min
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What is the time to peak of Dopamine?
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2-10 min
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What is the duration of Dopamine?
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10-20 min
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How is Dopamine metabolized?
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Hepatic elimination
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What receptors does Dopamine act on?
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alpha, beta 1, and dopaminergic receptors; also indirectly by releasing norepi
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What drug class is Dopamine in?
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Inotrope, vasoconstrictor
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What is the mechanism of action of Dopamine?
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Low dose - increase RBF; Med dose - stimulates beta 1 increasing SV and CO; Large dose - stimulates alpha increasing PVR, decreasing RBF
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What patients would you not give Dopamine to?
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DON'T give to Pt's with: pheochromocytoma, tachyarrhythmias, v-fib, occlusive vascular disease such as Raynaud's
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What is the Brand name of Dobutamine?
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Dobutrex
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How is Dobutamine typically supplied (concentration)?
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250mg in a 20 ml vial
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The usual dose of Dobutamine is?
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an infusion of 2 to 20mcg/kg/min Method: 250 mg should be placed in 500 ml of d5w, which gives a concentration of 0.5 mg/ml.
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What is the time to onset of Dobutamine?
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1 to 2 min
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What is the time to peak of Dobutamine?
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10 min
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What is the duration of Dobutamine?
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brief under goes rapid metabolism
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How is Dobutamine metabolized?
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the liver and other tissues
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What receptors does Dobutamine act on?
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selective beta 1 agonist
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What drug class is Dobutamine in?
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sympathomimetic
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What is the mechanism of action of Dobutamine?
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increases myocardial contractility which increases cardiac output, and decreases atrial filling pressures
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What patients would you not give Dobutamine to?
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Be sure pt has an adequate HR before giving. Use with caution in people following an MI, with ventricular irritability, & know alkaline solutions can deactivate it
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What is an indication for the use of Dobutamine?
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short term management of CHF
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What are some effects of Dobutamine?
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increased HR, HTN, PVC SYNERGESTIC effects with Nipride
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