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81 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the Brand name of Droperidol?
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Inapsine
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How is Droperidol typically supplied (concentration)?
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2.5mg/mL
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The usual dose of Droperidol is?
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PONV: 0.625-2.5 mg
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What is the time to onset of Droperidol?
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1-2 min
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What is the time to peak of Droperidol?
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30 min
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What is the duration of Droperidol?
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2-4 hrs
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How is Droperidol metabolized?
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Hepatic, renal
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What receptors does Droperidol act on?
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Primarily dopamine receptors in CNS
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What drug class is Droperidol in?
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antiemetic, neuroleptic
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What is the mechanism of action of Droperidol?
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Sedation produced by effects on dopamine, GABA and serotonin receptors in CNS; antiemetic effects produced by blockade in the CTZ
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What patients would you not give Droperidol to?
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DON'T give to: parkinson's pts; also potentiates other CNS depressants
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What is the Brand name of Ranitidine?
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Zantac
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How is Ranitidine typically supplied (concentration)?
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25 mg/mL
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The usual dose of Ranitidine is?
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50mg IV (dilute in 20mL)
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What is the time to onset of Ranitidine?
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<15 min
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What is the time to peak of Ranitidine?
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1-2 hrs
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What is the duration of Ranitidine?
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6-8 hrs
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How is Ranitidine metabolized?
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Hepatic; 70% renal unchnged
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What receptors does Ranitidine act on?
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H2 receptor
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What drug class is Ranitidine in?
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H2 receptor antagonist
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What is the mechanism of action of Ranitidine?
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competitively antagonizes H2 receptors, inhibiting secretion of hydrogen ions by gastric parietal cells
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What patients would you not give Ranitidine to?
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Dose should be reduced by 50% with renal failure
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What is the Brand name of Ondansetron?
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Zofran
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How is Ondansetron typically supplied (concentration)?
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2mg/ml
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The usual dose of Ondansetron is?
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4mg; peds 0.15mg/kg
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What is the time to onset of Ondansetron?
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< 30 sec
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What is the time to peak of Ondansetron?
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Variable
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What is the duration of Ondansetron?
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12-24 hrs
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How is Ondansetron metabolized?
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Hepatic
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What receptors does Ondansetron act on?
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Serotonin 5-HT3 receptors
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What drug class is Ondansetron in?
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Antiemetic
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What is the mechanism of action of Ondansetron?
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Antagonizes serotonin (5-HT3) receptor on vagal nerve terminals and central chemoreceptor trigger zone
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Is Ondansetron for the treatment or prevention of N/V?
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Prevention (per package insert... written by McD... pimp question?!?!)
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What is the Brand name of Dexamethasone?
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Decadron
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How is Dexamethasone typically supplied (concentration)?
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4mg/ml
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The usual dose of Dexamethasone is?
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5-20mg
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What is the time to onset of Dexamethasone?
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<1 min
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What is the time to peak of Dexamethasone?
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12-24 hours
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What is the duration of Dexamethasone?
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~24-48 hrs
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How is Dexamethasone metabolized?
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Hepatic
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What receptors does Dexamethasone act on?
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Glucocorticoid receptors
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What drug class is Dexamethasone in?
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Glucocorticoid
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What is the mechanism of action of Dexamethasone?
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for antiemesis: not completely understood
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What patients would you not give Dexamethasone to?
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possibly diabetics, immunocompromised
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Is dexamethasone generally used alone for PONV?
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No, more commonly used with other antiemetics
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What is the Brand name of Metoclopramide?
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Reglan
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How is Metoclopramide typically supplied (concentration)?
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5 mg/mL, 10 mg/mL
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The usual dose of Metoclopramide is?
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10 mg IV
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What is the time to onset of Metoclopramide?
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1-3 min
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What is the time to peak of Metoclopramide?
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< 1 hr
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What is the duration of Metoclopramide?
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1-2 hr
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How is Metoclopramide metabolized?
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Minimally metabolized, excreted in urine and feces
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What receptors does Metoclopramide act on?
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Dopamine receptors in the stomach and intestine as well as in the brain
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What drug class is Metoclopramide in?
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antiemetic and gastroprokinetic agent
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What is the mechanism of action of Metoclopramide?
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Exact mechanism is unknown
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What patients would you not give Metoclopramide to?
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pheochromocytoma, sizure disorders, GI bleeding/perforation/obstruction
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What might Metoclopramide cause?
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Tardive dyskinesia
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What patients would you not give Ondansetron to?
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Caution in hepatic impairment and abdominal surgery
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What is the Brand name of Omeprazole?
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Prilosec
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How is Omeprazole typically supplied (concentration)?
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Delayed-release capsules 10mg, 20 mg, & 40 mg. Delayed-release oral suspension 2.5 mg & 10 mg.
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The usual dose of Omeprazole is?
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Delayed-release capsule 20 mg po once daily
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What is the time to onset of Omeprazole?
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within 1 hour
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What is the time to peak of Omeprazole?
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within 2 hours
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What is the duration of Omeprazole?
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upto 72 hours
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How is Omeprazole metabolized?
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Liver
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What receptors does Omeprazole act on?
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Inhibits the proton pump
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What drug class is Omeprazole in?
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Proton Pump Inhibitor
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What is the mechanism of action of Omeprazole?
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Binds to an enzyme on gastric parietal cells in the presense of acidic gastric pH, preventing the final transportof hydrogen ions into the gastric lumen
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What patients would you not give Omeprazole to?
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use with caution in pts with liver disease, avoid in pregnancy and lactation
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What are the side effects of Omeprazole?
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Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rah, dizziness, drowsiness
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What is the Brand name of Citric Acid/Sodium Citrate?
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Bicitra
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How is Citrate Acid/Sodium Citrate typically supplied (concentration)?
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500mg/5ml
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The usual dose of Citrate Acid/Sodium Citrate is?
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Adult Dose: 15ml's diluted in 15ml's of water as a single dose Children: 5-15ml's diluted in 5-15ml's of water as a single dose
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What is the time to onset of Citrate Acid/Sodium Citrate?
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2 - 10 minutes
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What is the time to peak of Citrate Acid/Sodium Citrate?
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Few Minutes
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What is the duration of Citrate Acid/Sodium Citrate?
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1-2 hours
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How is Citrate Acid/Sodium Citrate metabolized?
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metabolized to sodium bicarbonate. Clearance: oxidation; 5% excreted in urine (unchanged)
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What receptors does Citrate Acid/Sodium Citrate act on?
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antacids neutralize the acidity of gastric fluid by providing a base that reacts with hydrogen ions to form water
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What drug class is Citrate Acid/Sodium Citrate in?
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Nonparticulate neutralizing buffer
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What is the mechanism of action of Citrate Acid/Sodium Citrate?
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Neutralization of gastric acid
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What patients would you not give Citrate Acid/Sodium Citrate to?
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contraindicated in patients with sodium restriction or severe renal impairment. Do not use with aluminum based antacids. Addison's disease
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