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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
striae
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light silver-colored or thin red lines on the abdomen
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caput medusae
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bluish-purple swollen vein pattern extending out from the navel
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spider angiomas
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thin reddish-purple vein lines close to the skin surface
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jaundice
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AKA icterus
yellowing of the skin and sclera of eye |
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retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
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allows visualization of liver, gallbladder, & pancreas
endoscope is passed through esophagus to duodenum & then dye injected to outline pancreatic & bile ducts |
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Which of the following is a function of the liver?
a. Synthesis of plasma proteins b. Elimination of carbohydrates c. Concentration of bile d. Secretion of cholecystokinin |
a. Synthesis of plasma proteins
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Which food is most likely to stimulate the release of bile?
a. Green beans b. French fries c. Coffee d. Poached egg |
b. French fries
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The enzymes of the pancreas are involved in the digestion of which foods?
a. Starch and fat b. Starch, fat, and protein c. Fat and protein d. Starch and protein |
b. Starch, fat, and protein
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Which of the following complications should the nurse monitor for after a liver biopsy?
a. Nausea b. Muscle twitching c. Bleeding d. Hypoventilation |
c. Bleeding
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Which of the following nursing measures is most important after an upper or lower GI series?
a. Offer a laxative as ordered b. Place pressure on the puncture site c. Check for return of the gag reflex d. Keep the patient in the semi-Fowler's position |
a. Offer a laxative as ordered
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Mr. Sikmiller returned an hour ago from an EGD and is asking for a glass of water. Which of the following responses is best?
a. "I'm sorry, but you will need to wait 4 hours before drinking anything." b. "I can't give you any water; would you like som ice chips?" c. "I will bring you some water and a laxative." d. "Let me check your gag reflex first to make sure it is safe to drink water." |
d. "Let me check your gag reflex first to make sure it is safe to drink water."
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The liver fills the 1_____ and center of the upper abdominal cavity just below the 2_____. The two main lobes of the liver are called the 3_____ and 4_____ lobes.
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1 right
2 diaphragm 3 right 4 left |
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There are three digestive functions of the liver.
TRUE or FALSE |
FALSE
The only digestive function of the liver is the production of bile by the hepatocytes (liver cells). p 535 |
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Bile is mostly 1_____ and has an excretory function in that it carries 2_____ and excess 3_____ to the intestines for elimination in 4_____--.
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1 water
2 bilirubin 3 cholesterol 4 feces |
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How does the liver regulate blood glucose levels?
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Liver stores excess glucose as glycogen -> blood glucose level becomes low -> liver changes glycogen back to glucose
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Of the 1_____ amino acids needed for the production of human 2_____, the liver is able to synthesize 12, called the 3_____ amino acids, by the process of transamination. The other 4_____ amino acids, which the liver cannot synthesize, are called the 5_____ amino acids. These amino acids are required in the diet.
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1 twenty
2 proteins 3 nonessential 4 eight 5 essential |
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The functions of the liver include:
(eight possible) |
1 carbohydrate metabolism
2 amino acid metabolism 3 lipid metabolism 4 synthesis of plasma proteins 5 phagocytosis by Kupffer cells 6 formation of bilirubin 7 storage 8 detoxification |
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Kupffer cells
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fixed macrophages of liver
phagocytize pathogens circulating in liver |
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The fixed macrophages of the liver phagocytize old WBCs & form bilirubin from the heme portion of their hemoglobin.
TRUE or FALSE |
FALSE
The fixed macrophages of the liver phagocytize old RED BLOOD CELLS & form bilirubin from the heme portion of their hemoglobin. p 537 |
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The liver stores the minerals iron and 1_____; the fat-soluble vitamins A, 2_____, E, and 3_____; and the water-soluble vitamin 4_____.
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1 copper
2 D 3 K 4 B12 |
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The gallbladder is a 1_____ sac about 3 to 4 inches long located on the undersurface of the left lobe of the 2_____. Bile in the 3_____ 3_____ from the liver flows through the cystic duct into the gallbladder, which stores bile until it is needed in the 4_____ 4_____.
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1 muscular
2 liver 3 hepatic duct 4 small intestine |
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The pancreatic enzyme amylase digests starch to _____.
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maltose
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Lipase (pancreatic enzyme) converts _____ _____ to fatty acids and glycerol.
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emulsified fats
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_____ digests polypeptides to shorter chains of amino acids.
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Tripsin
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Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
normal range: 5-35 IU/dL ------------------------------ An increase indicates . . . |
36 IU/dL or higher
possible chronic liver failure or hepatitis |
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Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
normal range: 8-20 units/L ------------------------------ an increase indicates . . . |
21 units/L or higher
possible chronic liver failure, viral hepatitis, or acute pancreatitis |
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Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH)
normal range: 110-250 IU/L ------------------------------ An increase indicates . . . |
251 IU/L or higher
liver disease possible |
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In preparation for an oral cholecystogram (gallbladder series), the pt is asked to eat a 1_____ 1_____ diet for 2 days before the test, then a 2_____ 2_____ diet the day 3_____ the examination.
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1 high fat
2 low fat 3 before |
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How long should a pt remain on bedrest following a percutaneous liver biopsy?
a. 2 days b. 36 hours c. 24 hours d. 12 hours |
c. 24 hours
p 542 |