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94 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The lower chamber of the heart with the thickest myocardium is the? |
b
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The pulmonic and aortic valves are open during?
a. systole b. diastole |
a
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The large blood vessel that returns un-oxygenated blood from the head and neck to the right atrium is called the?
a. Juglar vein b. Carotid artery c. Superior vena cava d. Inferior vena cava |
c.
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The inner most layer of the arterial wall in called the?
a. Tunica intima b. Tunica media c. Myocardium d. Tunica adventitia |
a
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The most numerous blood vessels in the body are the?
a. Arteries b. Capillaries c. Venules d. Veins |
b
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Blood flow between the heart and lungs is __________ circulation.
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Pulmonary
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These blood vessels function under high pressure in order to convey blood from the heart out to the rest of the body:
a. Venules b. Veins c. Arteries d. Capillaries |
c
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An inflammation of the serious pericardium is called?
a. Myocarditis b. Pericarditis c. Pulmonitis d. Tendonitis |
b
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The smooth outer surface of the heart is called the?
a. Pericardium b. Endocardium c. Epicardium d. Myocardium |
c
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The ________ valve is named for its three cusps and is located between the right atrium and the right ventricle.
a. Bicuspid b. Tricuspid c. Aortic d. Pulmonic |
b
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Chordae tenineae and papillary muscles work in concert to prevent the cusps from fluttering back into the?
a. Atrium b. Ventricle c. Aorta d. Vena cava |
a.
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The right and left coronary arteries arise from the?
a. Left ventricle b. right atrium c. Coronary sinus d. Trunk of the aorta |
b
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The central section of the thorax (chest cavity) is called the?
a. Costal margin b. Mediastinum c. Diaphragm d. Xiphoid |
d
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The apex of the heart lies just above the?
a. Intercostal space b. Mediastinum c. Diaphragm d. Xiphoid |
c
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The major blood vessel that receives blood from the head and upper extremities and transports it to the heart is the?
a. Trunk of the aorta b. Superior vena cava c. Inferior vena cava d. Pulmonary artery |
b
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The course of blood flow through the heart and lungs is referred to as ________ circulation.
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Pulmonary
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Cardiac output is a factor of which of the following elements?
a. Cardiac rate b. Stroke volume c. Partial vascular resistance d. Both a and b |
d
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The chief chemical neurotransmitter for the parasympathetic nervous system is?
a. Acetylcholine b. Norepinephrine c. Epinephrine d. Atropine |
a
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The heart has _______ chambers
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4
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The chief chemical neurotransmitter for the sympathetic nervous system is?
a. Acetylcholine b. Norepinephrine c. Ephedrine d. Atropine |
b
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Un-oxygenated blood flows from inferior and superior vena cavae into the?
a. Left atrium b. Left ventricle c. Right ventricle d. Right atrium |
d
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One cardiac cycle occurs every ______ seconds.
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0.8 seconds
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With the exception of ____________ all the body's blood vessels have alpha adrenergic receptors whereas the heart and lungs have beta adrenergic receptors.
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Capillaries
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Blood travels from the left atrium through the _________ valve and into the left ventricle.
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Bicuspid
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Stroke volume is estimated at approximately ___ mL per beat.
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70
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The _________ nervous system is responsible fro preparation of the body for physical activity (fight or flight).
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Sympathetic
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The primary functions of the myocardial working cells include?
a. Automaticity b. Regeneration c. Contraction and relaxation d. Impulse propagation |
c
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The ability of cardiac pacemaker cells to generate their own electrical impulses spontaneously without external or nervous stimulation is known as?
a. Automaticity b. Contracility c. Conductility d. Action potential |
a
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Which characteristic is specific to the paemaker sites of the electrical conduction system (ex. the SA node, the AV junction, and the Purkinje network fibers)
a. Automaticity b. Contractility c. Conductility d. Excitability |
d
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Excitability is also referred to as?
a. Irritability b. Automaticity c. Contractility d. Conductility |
a
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Conductivity is a characteristic shared by all cardiac cells.
a. True b. False |
a
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Cardiac muscle cell groups that function collectively as a unit are known as?
a. Syncytia b. Refractory c. Electrical d. Bundles |
a
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Repolarization is a slower process than depolarization.
a. True b. False |
a
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The period when repolarization is almost complete and the cardiac cell can be stimulated to contract prematurely if the stimulus is stronger than normal is known as?
a. The relative refractory period b. The absolute refractory period c. The action potential phase d. Absolute depolarization |
a
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Cardiac depolarization may be thought of as the period during which ________ ions rush into the cell.
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Sodium
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At the end of cardiac depolarization, __________ ions return to the inside of the cell.
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Potassium
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The resting state of a cardiac cell wherein they inside of the cell is electrically negative relative to the outside of the cell is called?
a. Active state b. Polarized state c. Depolarization d. Repolarization |
b
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The point at which a stimulus will produce a cell response is called the?
a. Active state b. All or non phase c. Threshold d. Rest state |
c
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An increase in potassium blood levels is known as?
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Hyperkalemia
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The sinoatrial node is located in the?
a. Right atrium b. Right ventricle c. Purkinje fiber tract d. Atrioventricular septum |
a
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The AV node is located in the?
a. Right atrium b. Left ventricle c. Purkinje fiber tract d. Atrioventricular septum |
a
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The intrinsic firing rate of the AV junction is _________ bpm.
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40 to 60bpm
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The Electrocardiogram is used to?
a. Determine pulse rate. b. Detect valvular dysfunction c. Evaluate electrical activity in the heart d. Determine whether the heart is beating |
c
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The normal conduction pattern of the heart follows the sequence?
1. SA node 2. Purkinje Fibers 3. Bundle of His 4. AV node 5. Bundle branches 6. Internodal pathways a. 123564 b. 164352 c. 164235 d. 615432 |
b
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The intrinsic firing rate of the Purkinje network is ______ bpm.
a. 60 - 80 b. 40 - 60 c. 20 - 40 d. 10 - 20 |
b
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The SA node receives its blood supply primarily from the?
a. Coronary artery b. Great cardiac vein c. SA Artery d. Aorta |
a
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________ internodal tracts or pathways receive the electrical impulse as its leaves the SA node. These tracts distribute the electrical impulse throughout the atria and transmit the impulse from the SA node to the AV node.
a. Two b. Three c. Four d. Five |
b
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What is the specialized group of cardiac fibers conduction electrical activity from the SA node to the left atrium?
a. Purkinje network b. Bundle of His c. Bachmann's bundle d. Intercalated disks |
c
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The inter-ventricular septum is the wall between the?
a. Right and left atrium b. Right and left ventricle c. Inferior and superior chambers d. Inferior and superior vena cavae |
b
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Purkinje network fibers can be identified only with the aid of the microscope.
a. True b. False |
a
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Purkinje's network fibers are smaller in diameter than ordinary cardiac muscle fibers
a. True b. False |
b
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The primary functions of the myocardial working cells includes?
a. Automaticity b. Regeneration c. Contraction and relaxation d. Impulse propagation |
c
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The major blood vessel that receives blood from the systemic circulation is the?
a. Superior vena cava b. Great cardiac vein c. Inferior vena cava d. Pulmonary artery |
c
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Ventricular diastole refers to ventricular?
a. Contraction b. Relaxation c. Filling time d. Pressure ratio |
b
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The electrocardiogram is used to?
a. Determine cardiac output b. Detect valvular dysfunction c. Evaluate electrical activity in the heart. d. Detect left to right conduction disorders. |
c
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The PR interval should normally be _________ seconds or smaller.
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0.20 seconds
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The QRS interval should be normally be ________ seconds or smaller.
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0.12 seconds
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The QRS complex is produced when?
a. The ventricles re polarize b. The ventricles depolarize c. The ventricles contract d. Both b and c |
d
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The normal conduction pattern of the heart follows which sequence?
1. SA node 2. Purkinje fibers 3. Bundle of His 4. AV node 5. Bundle branches 6. Internodal pathways a. 152463 b. 164352 c. 143652 d. 123456 |
b
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The T wave on the EKG strip represents?
a. Rest period b. Bundle of His c. Atrial contraction d. Ventricular contraction |
a
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The coronary circulation has how many main arteries?
a. Two b. Six c. Four d. Eight |
a
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When interpreting dysrhythmias the health care provider should remember that the most important key is the?
a. PR interval b. Rate and rhythm c. Presence of dysrhythmias d. Patients clinical appearance |
d
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A graphic record of the electrical activity of the heart is an?
a. Echocardiogram b. Electrocardiogram c. Encephalogram d. Radiogram |
b
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While EKG analysis serves as a useful diagnostic tool, the health care professional must be cognizant of the fact that EKG is a graphic tracing of the electrical activity of the heart but not the mechanical activity.
a. True b. False |
a
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The ground lead serves to minimize outside electrical interference.
a. True b. False |
a
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The exact portion of the heart being visualized depends in large part on the placement of the?
a. Patient b. Paddles c. Electrodes d. Oscilloscope |
c
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Lead II is most commonly used for cardiac monitoring because of its ability to visualize ______ waves.
a. P b. Q c. R d. T |
a
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_________ leads are those that have one positive electrode and one negative electrode.
a. Bipolar b. Unipolar c. Multipolar d. Tripolar |
a
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True of false
When dealing with EKG interpretation you should always avoid shortcuts and assumptions because often a quick glance at a strip will lead to an incorrect interpretation. |
True
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The intrinsic firing rate of the AV node is ___ bpm.
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46 - 60
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You must master the accepted parameters for each dysrhythmia and then apply those parameters to each of the five steps when analyzing an EKG strip.
a. True b. False |
a
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The electrocardiogram is used to?
a. Determine pulse rate b. Detect valvular dysfunction c. Evaluate electrical activity in the heart d. Determine whether the heart is beating. |
c
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The PR interval should normally be __ seconds or smaller.
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0.20
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The QRS interval should normally be ____ seconds or smaller.
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0.12
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Artifact is defined as EKG waveforms from sources outside the heart.
a. True b. False |
a
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Cause of artifact include?
a. Patient movement b. Lose electrodes c. Improper grouding d. All of the above |
d
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The term supraventricular refers to a stimulus arising above the ventricles.
a. true b. false |
a
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The T wave on the EKG strip represents?
a. Rest period b. Bundle of his c. Atrial contraction d. Ventricular contraction |
a
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When interpreting dysrhythmias you should remember that the most important key is the?
a. PR interval b. Rate and rhythm c. Presence of dysrhythmias d. Patients clinical appearance |
d
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The health care professional should read EVERY EKG strip from left to right starting at the beginning of the strip.
a. True b. False |
a
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The sharp negative deflection that follows the R wave is called the Q wave.
a. True b. False |
b
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Heart rhythms are classified as either regular or irregular.
a. True b. False |
a
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____________ graphic representation of the electrical activity of the heart.
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Electrocardiogram
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__________ machine used to record the electrocardiogram.
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Electrocardiograph
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_______________ the printed record of the electrical activity of the heart
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rhythm strip or EKG strip
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________ an adhesive pad that contains conductive gel and is designed to be attached to the patients skin.
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Electrodes
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_________ electrodes connected to the monitory or EKG machine by wires.
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Lead
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___________ have one positive electrode and one negative electrode.
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Bipolar leads
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True or false
PR interval is an impulse at AV junction |
True
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True or false
QRS complex is an electrical excitation of the ventricles. |
True
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..................................................
______ the time interval during which the ventricles are depolarized and ventricular re-polarization begins |
STsegment
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___________ represents ventricular repolarization and follows the ST segment
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T wave
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True or false
Leads I, II, III are known as bipolar leads which means that the leads have one positive electrode and one negative electrode. |
True
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True or false
EKG paper is divided into small squares each of which is 1 mm in height and width and represents a time interval of 0.04 seconds. |
True
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