Understanding Digital And Social Media Midterm

Front 1

What is Moores Law?

Back 1

-the processing power of a computer doubles roughly every 12-18 months

Front 2

List the different sizes of "bytes"

Back 2

-bit
-byte
-kilobyte
-megabyte
-gigabyte
-terabyte
-petabyte
-exabyte
-zettabyte

Front 3

What does "techne" mean?

Back 3

-tool

Front 4

What year was the internet invented?

Back 4

-1969-1971

Front 5

What were the first forms of cultural expression?

Back 5

-cave paintings

Front 6

Why is the process of codifying and decodifying subjective?

Back 6

-the signifier and signified of words are culturally and individually constructed
-what means something to one person might me something else to another (miscommunication)

Front 7

Describe a unilateral communicative message

Back 7

A --> B
-message not related to previous message
-non-interactive
-no response from viewer
-ex. a news broadcast

Front 8

Describe a reactive communicative message

Back 8

A --> B and B --> A
-message only related to previous one
-ex. blog entry with comments

Front 9

Describe an interactive communicative message

Back 9

A --> B and B -->A and B -->C etc.
-ex. continuous sequence of email messages

Front 10

What makes up "Intelligent Interaction"

Back 10

-a multi-directional system where each component can sense and respond appropriately
-look-ahead capabilities (anticipate what will be said)

Front 11

What is required for an interactive computer?

Back 11

-an input (ex. mouse, joystick, data glove etc)
-an output (ex. speakers, screen, printer etc)

Front 12

What is the "Turing Test"

Back 12

-test from the 1950's
-trying to figure out whether your talking to a computer or a human
-test of artificial intelligence
-never been beaten

Front 13

What is Searle's "Chinese Room"

Back 13

-experiment where it looked like a computer had learned chinese, when in reality they just were able to translate the symbol
-fake artificial intelligence

Front 14

What does AI stand for

Back 14

-artificial intelligence

Front 15

What are the two kinda of computer interfaces?

Back 15

-command-line interface
-graphical user interface

Front 16

What is a command-line interface?

Back 16

-you have to know the orders to give to the computer
-the computer is your servant
-copy and paste into a new location

Front 17

What is a graphical user interface (GUI)?

Back 17

-iconic, cooperative mode
-physically drag and drop to copy
-more visual and user friendly
-ex. mac desktop

Front 18

List 5 channels of communication

Back 18

-email
-listsevs (distribution list)
-MUD's
-web
-instant messaging
-video conferencing
-wikis (wikipedia)
-blogging
-simulated environments (habbo hotel)
-short messaging service (twitter)
-micro blogging
-social networking

Front 19

What is "synchronous" communication?

Back 19

-real time communication
-ex. IM, or videoconferencing

Front 20

What is "asynchronous" communication?

Back 20

-not a continuous cycle of communication in real time
-ex. email

Front 21

Define "monomedia"

Back 21

-just one form of media
-ex. just text on instant messaging

Front 22

Define "multimedia"

Back 22

-multiple forms of media

Front 23

What is the difference between an "open" form of communication or a "closed" one?

Back 23

-open means that anyone can see it, and you don't have any restrictions on who can access it (ex. web)
-closed means you have restrictions on who can view it (ex. facebook)

Front 24

What are Multi-User Dungeons (MUD's)?

Back 24

-role playing games where people spend time developing themselves
-text based ones were very early and look like a map or maze
-a graphical MUD is a visual representation
-focused on interactions with others
-ex. sims, world of warcraft

Front 25

What is the difference between analogue and digital digitization?

Back 25

Analogue - move continuously from one thing to another due to the actual substance and physical nature of them (ex. mercury thermometer)

Digital - discrete seperate units, so it jumps from one thing to another abruptly (ex. digital clock)

Front 26

What two variables effect the process of digitization?

Back 26

-sampling (how often)
-you can't get a good measure if you only take a sample every second

-quantization (how much)
-how much information is it recording? if its only recording the colors black and white, your picture is going to suck

Front 27

How many bits are in a byte?

Back 27

-8 bits is one byte

Front 28

How do we calculate the number of possibilities there are for any grouping of bits?

Back 28

-2 to the power of 'n'

Front 29

What is "resolution" in regards to sampling?

Back 29

-bits of information per unit
-screen is 79/96 dpi (dots per inch)
-higher the resolution, the more clear the image

Front 30

What is "colour depth" in regards to quantization?

Back 30

-1 bit (2 colours): text
-8 bit (256 colours): drawings (clipart)
-24 bit (16M colours): realistic photos

Front 31

Define "8-bit"

Back 31

-8 colums that can either be zero or one, and all the possible combinations of those

Front 32

What are the two graphic data types? Describe them

Back 32

-Bitmap
-matrix of data
-pixilated test when you scale up

-Vector
-description of shapes
-scales infinitely because its all about relationally
-no problems with pixilation
-requires a lot less information

Front 33

Give 3 examples of things that are bitmaps

Back 33

-digital cameras
-photoshop
-photographs
-anything with a fixed resolution

Front 34

Give 2 examples of places you would find vector

Back 34

-illustration programs
-diagrams/drawings
-clip-art text

Front 35

Define BMP

Back 35

-basic multiple plane (bitmap)

Front 36

Define GIF

Back 36

-graphics interchange format

Front 37

Define JPEG

Back 37

-joint photographics expert group

Front 38

Define PNG

Back 38

-portable network graphics

Front 39

Define RAW

Back 39

-an image format with huge amounts of information

Front 40

Define TIFF

Back 40

-tagged image file format

Front 41

Define SVG

Back 41

-scalable vector graphics