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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why study China?
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1. Population size and geographic location (dominant nation in region & bordering nations)
2. One-Party system 3. Chinese authoritarian gov w/ a capitalist economic market) 4. Important trading partner for the U.S. |
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Significant statistics about China include:
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- Extreme divide between social classes
- Literacy is high (92% above 15) - GDP is high as a nation but low per person - largest pop in the world - 3rd largest economy after the EU and the U.S. |
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Major sources of legitimacy of the Chinese state and party & their overall significance?
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- The Flag
- Presence of Old Guard - Tradition (Mandate of Heaven) |
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Current issues and reform proposals made by Secretary General and President Xi Jinping to the 3rd Plenum of the 18th Central Committee
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1. Less control over the economy by gov to promote free markets
2. Lift control of labor camps from police 3. Regularize land titles on rural areas 4. Gradually change "one child" policy 5. Creation of American style national security council |
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Major elements of of the structure of the Chinese Communist Party and its relationship with the Council of State?
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- Democratic Centralism
- DIscipline and strict adherence to party leaders - Party leaders mindfulness to input form members |
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The Taiping Rebellion (1851-1868)
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Led by a Christian convert who believed in the abolition of private property resulted in as many as 20 million people were killed.
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The Boxer Rebellion (1898-1901)
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Movement to expel foreign influence from China by violent means; Attacked foreign missionaries; a multinational force defeated the Boxers and demonstrated the Empress’s inability to protect Chinese territory.
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The Opium Wars (1839-1842, 1856-1860)
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China lost ability to suppress the opium trade and the ability to deal with chronic and pervasive addiction throughout China.
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The fall of the Qing Dynasty
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There was civil disorder and reforms were called into place that implemented a national education system. When leaders died, the new leaders dismissed people with older positions and replaced them with a new “Royal Cabinet” most of the members were family. This caused negative opinions and new New Republic of China was called into place.
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The Tiananmen Square Protest
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Students expressed discontent with the political party b/c they didnt do anything to stop the corruption.The fallout after Mao was increased corruption esp in the communist party. The party did not notice the corruption until there were 1 Million students gathered in the square to protest the corruption of the party and achieve a hopefully a more liberal China. Triggered as well by the death of Hu Yiaobang (agreed with the students). This protest terrified the party.
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Deng Xiao Ping (1904 -1997)
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- Found period of amazing economic growth (1980s-present)
- Initiated reforms that led to growth - Realized a free market was better than a strict control - was a pragmatist and choose policy on its effectiveness to the economy - Two important programs he started was Market Socialism and the Four Modernizations |
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Four Modernizations are
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1. Agriculture
2. Industry 3. Military 4. Foreign Investment |
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Sun Yat Sen
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1st president of Republic of China when it was formed (1911-1949)
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Chiang Kai-shek
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- Pragmatist: lacked the rapport with the people, unlike Mao
- backed by the US gov, lead a larger army, psychological moral weakness in government, est. Taiwan after pushed south |
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The Long March
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a cross country trek led by Mao as Chiang Kai-shek's nationalist army pursued his communist followers
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The Great Leap Forward
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- used to break away from Soviet control; which turned out to be a utopian effort to transform china into a radical egalitarian society
- cost 25 million lives |
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The Cultural Revolution
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- lead by Mao - a utopian idea to make the perfect China
- Mao Strikes Back! 1966-1976 in The Cultural Revolution (Only ended by his death) - Anyone who opposed the Mao, Technical experts: scientists and engineers, even Deng Xiaoping were sent to reeducation camps - Enlisted Lin Biao to draw on China's youth to organize semi-military "Red Guards" |
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Market Socialism
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- Deng's pragmatic belief in trying whatever worked even if it didn't fit into the Orthodox Communist ideology
- free markets - Economic prosperity |
