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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the definition of a seed?
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The part of a flowering plant that typically contains the embryo with its protective coat and stored food and that can develop into a new plant under the proper conditions.
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What is the role of the seed?
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Dispersal, evolution and hybridisation.
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What are the benefits of sexual reproduction?
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Hybrid vigour
Adaptation and evolution |
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Seeds are the product of?
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The ripened ovule of gymnosperm and angiosperm plants which occurs after fertilisation and development on the mother plant.
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What does the formation of the seed complete?
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The formation of the seed completes the process of reproduction in seed plants
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A typical seed includes which three basic parts?
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1) an embryo,
(2) a supply of nutrients for the embryo, and (3) a seed coat. |
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What is the radicle?
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The embryonic root.
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What is the plumule?
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The embryonic shoot.
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How many cotyledons in monocots?
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One.
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How many cotyledons in most dicots?
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Two.
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How many cotyledons in gymnosperms?
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Two or more.
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What is the embryonic stem below the point of attachment.
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It is the hypocotyl.
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Within the seed there is normally a store of what?
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Nutrient.
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What is the tissue called that stores food in angiosperms?
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Endosperm
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What are seeds with an endosperm at maturity called?
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Albuminous seeds.
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What do most monocots and many dicots have?
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Albuminous seeds.
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What is the seed coat known as?
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Testa.
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The seed coat develops from what?
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From the tissue and the integument, originally surrounding the ovule.
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What does the seed coat help to protect the embryo from?
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Mechanical injury and from drying out.
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What is the scar called on the seed coat?
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The hilum.
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How does a seed coat get a scar?
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Where the seed was attached to the ovary wall
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What are the benefits of seed propagation
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New varieties
Some species only come good from seed Large numbers of plants Storage is easy Virus transmission is limited |
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What are the limitations of seed propagation?
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Some plants do not produce viable seed
Problems of germination Lack of uniformity Time to mature Problems of storage |
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What is seed viability ?
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The embryo is living
It will germinate given the right conditions Conditions for germination: Moisture Temperature Oxygen Light/dark |
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What is a dormant seed?
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A seed that is unable to germinate in a specified period of time under a combination of environmental factors that are normally suitable for the germination of the non-dormant seed.
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What is dormancy?
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It is a mechanism to prevent germination during unsuitable ecological conditions, when the probability of seedling survival is low.
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What is the germination process?
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Inbibition- water uptake
Increase in respiration Food store broken down Fast cell division Seed coat splits Radicle emerges |
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What is Epigeal germination?
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When the seed leaves remain on the new shoot and are brought above the ground –French bean Phaseolus vulgaris
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What is Hypogeal germination?
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When the seed leaves, or cotyledons, remain below the surface of the soil-Broad bean (Vicia Faba).
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