Ummc Pharm Antibiotic Toxicity

Front 1

Penicillin

Back 1

Hypersensitivity
Hemolytic anemia

Front 2

Methicillin

Back 2

interstitial nephritis

Front 3

Ampicillin

Back 3

Rash
Pseudomembranous colitis

Front 4

Ticarillin, carbenicillin, piperacillin

Back 4

hypersensitivity reactions

Front 5

Cephalosporins

Back 5

1. Increase nephrotoxicity of aminoglycosides
2. disulfiram like reacton with alcohol
3. Hypersensitivity reactions

Front 6

Aztreonam

Back 6

This monobactam is nontoxic. good to give for penicillin-allergic patients and those with renal insufficiency who cannot tolerate aminoglycosides

Front 7

Impenem/Meropenem

Back 7

1. GI distress
2. skin rash
3. SEIZURES (reduced risk with meropenem)

Front 8

Vancomycin

Back 8

1. Nephrotoxicity
2. Ototoxicity
3. Thrombophlebitis
4. Diffuse flushing
Overall, Red Man Syndrome. this can be prevented by pretreatment with anti-histamines and slow infusion rate

Front 9

Aminoglycosides
1.Gentamicin
2. Neomycin
3. Amikacin
4. Tobramycin
5. Streptomycin

Back 9

1. Nephrotoxicity (especially when combined with cephalosporins)
2. Ototoxicity (especially when used with loop diuretics)
3. Teratogen

Front 10

Tetracyclines

Back 10

1. GI distress
2. discoloration of teeth
3. inhibition of bone growth in children
4. photosensitivity
5. CI in pregnancy

Front 11

Macrolides
1. Erythromycin
2. azithromycin
3. clarithomycin

Back 11

1. Prolonged QT interval (erythromycin)
2. GI discomfort
3. acute cholestatic hepatitis
4. Eosinophilia
5. skin rashes
6. Increases concentrations of theophyllines, oral anticoagulants

Front 12

Chloramphenicol

Back 12

1. anemia
2. aplastic anemia
3. gray baby syndrome (in premature infants bc they lack UDP-glucuronyl transferase)

Front 13

Clindamycin

Back 13

1. Pseudomembranous colitis
2. Fever
3. Diarrhea

Front 14

Sulfonamides

Back 14

1. hypersensitivity Rxns
2. hemolysis if G6PD deficient
3. Nephrotoxicity
4. photosensitivity
5. kernicterus in infants
6. displaces other drugs from albumin

Front 15

Trimethoprim

Back 15

1. megaloblastic anemai
2. leukopenia
3. granulocytopenia

Front 16

Fluoroquinolones

Back 16

1. Gi upset
2. superinfections
3. rashes
4. headache/dizziness

CI in pregnant women due to cartilage damage. dont give to kids either

Front 17

Metronidazole

Back 17

disulfiram-like reaction with alcohol,
headache
metallic taste

Front 18

Polymyxins

Back 18

1. Neurotoxicity
2. Acute renal tubular necrosis

Front 19

Ethambutol

Back 19

optic neuropathy/ red-green color blindness

Front 20

Isoniazid

Back 20

1. Neurotoxicity
2. hepatotoxicitiy

Front 21

Fluoroquinolones

Back 21

1. Gi upset
2. superinfections
3. rashes
4. headache/dizziness

CI in pregnant women due to cartilage damage. dont give to kids either

Front 22

Rifampin

Back 22

1. minor hepatotoxicity
2. increases P450
3. orange body fluids

Front 23

Metronidazole

Back 23

disulfiram-like reaction with alcohol,
headache
metallic taste

Front 24

Amphotericin B

Back 24

1. Shake and bake
2. Hypotension
3. Nephrotoxicity (hydrate to prevent)
4. arrhythmias
5. anemia
6. IV phlebitis

Liposomal amphotericin reduces toxicity

Front 25

Polymyxins

Back 25

1. Neurotoxicity
2. Acute renal tubular necrosis

Front 26

Azoles

Back 26

1. Hormone synthesis inhibition--leading to gynecomastia
2. liver dysfunction (inhibits P-450)
3. fever
4. chills

Front 27

Flucytosine

Back 27

1. Nausea
2. vomiting
3. diarrhea
4. bone marrow suppression

Front 28

Ethambutol

Back 28

optic neuropathy/ red-green color blindness

Front 29

Caspofungin

Back 29

1. GI upset
2. flushing

Front 30

Isoniazid

Back 30

1. Neurotoxicity
2. hepatotoxicitiy

Front 31

Rifampin

Back 31

1. minor hepatotoxicity
2. increases P450
3. orange body fluids

Front 32

Amphotericin B

Back 32

1. Shake and bake
2. Hypotension
3. Nephrotoxicity (hydrate to prevent)
4. arrhythmias
5. anemia
6. IV phlebitis

Liposomal amphotericin reduces toxicity

Front 33

Azoles

Back 33

1. Hormone synthesis inhibition--leading to gynecomastia
2. liver dysfunction (inhibits P-450)
3. fever
4. chills

Front 34

Flucytosine

Back 34

1. Nausea
2. vomiting
3. diarrhea
4. bone marrow suppression

Front 35

Caspofungin

Back 35

1. GI upset
2. flushing

Front 36

Griseofulvin

Back 36

1. Teratogenic
2. Carcinogenic
3. confusion
4. headaches
5. Increases P-450 and warfarin metabolism

Front 37

Amantadine

Back 37

1. ataxia, dizziness, slurred speech

Front 38

Ribavirin

Back 38

1. Hemolytic anemia
2. severe teratogen

Front 39

Ganciclovir

Back 39

1. Leukopenia
2. Neutropenia
3. thrombocytopenia
4. renal toxicity

Front 40

Foscarnet

Back 40

nephrotoxicity

Front 41

Protease Inhibitors (-navirs)

Back 41

1. GI intolerance
2. hyperglycemia
3. lipodystrophy
4. thrombocytopenia

Front 42

Reverse Transcriptase Inhbitors:
Nucleosides
Zidovudine
Didanosine
Zalcitabine
Stavudine
Lamivudine
Abacavir

Non-nucelosides
Nevirapine, Efavirenz, Delaviridine

Back 42

1. bone marrow suppression
2. peripheral neuropathy
3. lactic acidosis
4. rash
5. megaloblastic anemia

Front 43

Enfuviritide

Back 43

1. Hypersensitivity
2. rxn at injection site
3. increased risk of bacterial pneumonia

Front 44

Interferons

Back 44

Neutropenia