Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
With a flow OR resistence increase, what will happen to pressure gradient?
|
Pressure Gradient Increase
|
|
With a pressure gradient increase OR a resistance decrease, what will happen to flow?
|
Flow Decrease
|
|
The ___ the pressure difference, the ___ the flow rate
|
Greater
|
|
What is the formula for calculating pressure gradient?
|
PG = Flow x Resistance
|
|
The pressure gradient formula is similar to what other formula?
|
Ohm's Law
(voltage = current x resistance) |
|
Vein walls are (thick|thin) and (collapsible|noncollapsible)
|
Thin
Collapsible |
|
During normal function, veins are (high|low) pressure and (fully|partially) filled
|
Low
Partially |
|
The cross-sectional shape of a vein during normal function is ___
|
Flattened & Hourglass Shaped
|
|
Are veins typically low or high resistance vessels?
|
Low Resistance (like arteries)
|
|
How can veins handle a large volume increase without a similar increase in pressure?
|
Cross-sectional shape can increase to oval and then circle
|
|
Normal veins increase flow to the heart with a (large|small) increase in pressure
|
Small
|
|
The shape and volume of veins are determined by the pressure acting to expand them. What is this pressure called?
|
Transmural Pressure
|
|
After what point do venous pressures attain their highest levels?
|
After veins are stretched to their maximum dimension
|
|
The weight of blood pressing on a vessel measured at a height above or below heart level
|
Hydrostatic Pressure
|
|
Hydrostatic pressure is reported in what units?
|
mmHg
|
|
Blood pressure is accurately assessed when taken where?
|
At the level of the heart
|
|
When blood pressure is taken above or below the level of the heart, ___ pressure introduces ___ into the measurement
|
Hydrostatic Pressure
Error |
|
When blood pressure is taken above the level of the heart, the measurement is too (high|low) due to ___
|
Low
Hydrostatic Pressure |
|
When blood pressure is taken below the level of the heart, the measurement is too (high|low) due to ___
|
High
Hydrostatic Pressure |
|
What is the hydrostatic pressure of a patient in the supine position?
|
0 mmHg
|
|
Is a blood pressure measured anywhere on a supine patient accurate?
|
Yes
|
|
A supine patient's arterial BP (measured at the arm) is 140 mmHg. What is the hydrostatic pressure at all locations within the arterial circulation?
|
0 mmHg
|
|
A supine patient's arterial BP (measured at the arm) is 140 mmHg. What is teh arterial pressure at their knee?
|
140 mmHg
|
|
A supine patient's arterial BP (measured at the arm) is 140 mmHg. What is the arterial pressure in their carotid artery?
|
140 mmHg
|
|
In a standing patient, where are negative hydrostatic pressures found? Positive hydrostatic pressures?
|
- Above the level of the heart
+ Below the level of the heart |
|
Measured BP is a combination of what two other measurable pressures?
|
Circulatory Pressure + Hydrostatic Pressure
|
|
Downward movement of the diaphragm occurs during what portion of the respiration process?
|
Inspiration
|
|
Upward movement of the diaphragm occurs during what portion of the respiration process?
|
Expiration
|
|
What occurs to thoracic blood pressure and blood flow during inspiration?
|
1. Thoracic pressure decreases
2. Thoracic venous flow increases |
|
What occurs to thoracic blood pressure and blood flow during expiration?
|
1. Thoracic pressure increases
2. Thoracic venous flow decreaese |
|
What occurs to lower body blood pressure and blood flow during inspiration?
|
1. Lower body pressure increases
2. Lower body venous flow decreases |
|
What occurs to lower body blood pressure and blood flow during expiration?
|
1. Lower body pressure decreases
2. Lower body venous flow increases |
|
What happens to venous flow in the legs during inspiration?
|
Decreases
|
|
All of the following occur during expiration except:
A. venous return to the heart decreases B. venous flow in the legs increases C. abdominal pressure increases D. diaphragm rises into the thoracic cavity |
C
|
|
When venous flow in the leg decreases, venous return to the heart ___
|
Increases
|
|
When venous flow in the leg increases, venous return to the heart ___
|
Decreases
|