Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
TWO COMMON SOURCES OF DATA?
|
SURVEYS
EXPERIMENTS |
|
|
WHAT IS A POPULATION?
|
THE MAIN GROUP YOU ARE INTERESTED IN
|
|
|
WHAT ARE PARAMETERS?
|
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE POPULATION
|
|
|
WHAT IS A SYTEMATIC ERROR RESULTING IN INCORRECT DATA
|
BIAS
|
|
|
WHAT ARE THE TWO CATEGORICAL VARIABLES?
|
NOMINAL
ORDINAL |
|
|
WHAT ARE THE TWO QUANTITATIVE VARIABLES?
|
RATIO
INTERVAL |
|
|
WHAT IS A CHARACTERISTIC OF A SAMPLE?
|
SAMPLE
|
|
|
WHAT IS A CHARACTERISTIC OF A PARAMETER?
|
POPULATION
|
|
|
IN A NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
A) B) C) |
- A NORMAL BELL SHAPED CURVE
- PERFECTLY SYMMETRICAL -MEAN, MODE, AND MEDIAN ALL THE SAME |
|
|
EMPIRICAL RULE FOR NORMAL CURVE?
|
68.0% 1 SD
95.0% 2 SD 99.7% 3 SD |
|
|
THE REASONING THAT ALLOWS RESEARCHERS TO DRAW CONCLUSIONS ABOUT AN ENTIRE POPULATION ON THE BASIS OF A VERY SMALL SAMPLE OF INDIVIDUALS?
|
STATISTICAL INFERENCE
|
|
|
FOR THESE TYPES OF STUDIES, THE OBJECTIVE IS TO USE ITSELF TO MAKE INFERENCES ABOUT A LARGE GROUP
|
STATISTICAL STUDIES
|
|
|
WHAT IS THE WAY TO INSURE THAT THE SAMPLE IS OF ADEQUATE REPRESENTATION OF THE ENTIRE POPULATION
|
TAKE A RANDOM SAMPLE
|
|
|
EVEN IF THE STATISTICAL DATA DOESNT HAVE A NORMAL CURVE THE ____________ WILL?
|
SAMPLE DISTRIBUTION
|
|
|
WHAT REFERS TO THE VARIABLITY OF THE OBSERVATIONS OF THE SAMPLE
|
STANDARD DEVIATION
|
|
|
REFERS TO THE VARIABILITY OF THE STATISTIC
|
STANDARD ERROR
|
|
|
YOU HAVE A SAMPLE OF 500 DIFFERENT MEANS:
WHAT IS A HISTOGRAM OF ALL THOSE MEANS? |
SAMPLE DISTRIBUTION
|
|
|
YOU HAVE A SAMPLE OF 500 DIFFERENT MEANS:
WHAT IS THE STANDARD DEVIATION OF THOSE SAMPLES? |
STANDARS ERROR
|
|
|
TWO WAYS TO ORGANIZE AND DISPALY DATA
|
1. NUMERICALLY
2. VISUALLY |
|
|
SHOWS THE BREAKDOWN OF ONE VARIABLE
|
FREQUENCY TABLE
|
|
|
WHAT KINDS OF DATA DOES A FREQUENCY TABLE GIVE?
|
=GIVES THE NUMBER AND PERCENTAGES OF THE DIFFERENT RESPOSES
-GIVES THE CUMULATIVE PERCENTAGE |
|
|
WHAT GIVES ONE OF THE MOST CONVIENANT AND USEFUL WAYS OF SUMMARIZING DATA NUMERICALLY?
|
A FREQUENCY TABLE
|
|
|
WHAT IS THE PROPER GRAPH AND CHART FOR ONE QUANTITATIVE VARIABLE
|
PIE CHART- FOR NOMINAL AND ORDINAL DATA
BAR CHART- SAME HISTOGRAM- GOOD FOR QUANTITATIVE DATA |
|
|
WHAT IS UNIQUE ABOUT A HISTOGRAM?
|
-IT IS GRAPHICAL FOR ONE QUANTITATIVE VARIABLE
|
|
|
HOW IS A HISTOGRAM GRAPHED?
X-AXIS- Y-AXIS- |
X-AXIS-displays range of sample values for variable of interest
Y-AXIS-count frequency of observations |
|
|
HISTGOGRAM:
-TAILS TO THE RIGHT? -TAILS TO THE LEFT? |
-POSITIVE SKEW
-NEGATIVE SKEW |
|
|
DISTRIBUTION IS EITHER SYMMETRIC OR SKEWED?
|
true
|
|
|
WHAT TYPE OF VARIABLE WOULD YOU USE A PIE CHART?
|
CATEGORICAL
|
|
|
WHAT TYPE OF VARIABLE WOULD U USE A BAR CHART?
|
categorical
|
|
|
WHAT TYPE OF VARIABLE WOULD U USE A HISTOGRAM
|
QUANTITATIVE
|
|
|
WHAT ARE 3 MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCY?
|
MEAN, MODE, MEDIAN
|
|
|
WHAT IS DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MEAN AND MEDIAN?
|
MEAN- AVERAGE
MEDIAN- MOST FREQUENT, SO THUS LESS AFFECTED BY THE VARIABILITY OF DATA VALUES |
|
|
VARIANCE
|
(SUM OF SQUARED DISTANCES FROM THE MEAN FOR ALL CASES)/(# OF CASES - 1)
|
|
|
STANDARD DEVIATION FOR QUANTITATIVE VARIABLES?
|
SQUARE ROOT OF THE VARIANCE
|
|
|
COEFFICIENT OF VARIATION
|
EXPRESSION OF THE SD AS A % OF DIFFERENT VARIABLES
|
|
|
THE COEFFICIENT OF VARIATION?
|
SD/MEAN * 100
|
|
|
PERCENTILES?
|
EACH PERCENTILE MEANS THAT THAT MANY ARE IN THAT SPECIFIC RANGE
|
|
|
FOR MOST QUANTITATIVE VARIABLES (3) THREE SUMMARY STATISTICS ARE MOST USEFUL`
|
-LOCATION- MEAN, MEDIAN, MODE
-SPREAD- VARIABILITY--DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MAX AND MIN, DIF BETWEEN TWOV QUARTILES, VARIANCE, SD -SHAPE- SD |
