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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the majority of posterior mediastinal masses
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neurogenic tumors
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What is the ddx for posterior mediastinal masses
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neurogenic tumors
foregut cyst meningocele extramedullary hematopoesis vetebral body tumor aneurysm lymph node masses esophageal masses and varices |
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What are the cause of neurogenic tumors
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nerve sheath tumors
ganglion cell tumors paraganglioma |
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What is the cause of enlarged lymph nodes in the posterior mediastinum
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NHL
Mets |
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What are 2 types of nerve sheath tumors
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neurfibroma and schwanoma
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What is the typical age for nerve sheath tumor
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30-40y
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What is the typical shape of a nerve sheath tumor
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round (not sausage)
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Do nerve sheath tumors always invade the neuroforaminal space
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no
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What will happen to the vetebral body if the nerve sheath tumors is abutting it
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pressure erosion of that vetebral body
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What is the attenuation of a nerve sheath tumor on CT
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low
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Can a nerve sheath tumor have fluid attenuation on CT
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yes
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What is the enhancement pattern of a nerve sheath tumor
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heterogenous
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What are 3 examples of ganglion cell tumors
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neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma
ganglioneuroma |
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What is the typical age group for a neuroblastoma
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less than 5
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What is the typical age range for a ganglioneuroblastoma
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around 10
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What is the typical age range for a ganglioneuroma
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20
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Do 'blastoma' tumors tend to happen to younger patients
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yes
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What is the age range for all 3 ganglion tumors
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neuroblastoma <5
ganglioneuroblastoma (10) ganglioneurooma (20) |
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What is the shape of a ganglion tumor
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long, sausage shaped
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Does a ganglion tumor typically involve multiple vetebral levels
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yes
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What are the CT findings with a ganglion cell tumor
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similar to a nerve sheath tumor
low attenuation, heterogenous enhancement |
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If there is a mass at the cervicothoracic area of the chest on plain film; what mediastinal compartment is it likely to be in
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the posterior
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Can there also be bone tumors that are posterior mediastional masses
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yes
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What is an example of a vetebral body tumor that may invade the posterior mediastinum
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Giant Cell Tumor
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What is extra medullary hematopoeisis associated with
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thalasemia, hemolytic anemia
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What is the cause of extramedullary hematopoesis
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extension of hyperplastic marrow or embryonic rests
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What is the typical appearance of extramedullary hematopoesis
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Symmetric homogenous paravetebral masses
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What happens when a patient with extramedullary hematopoesis is treated effectively
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they will atrophy into fatty masses
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Can Vascular masses be seen as posterior mediastinal mass
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yes, for example aortic aneurysms
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