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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the cause of oligohydraminios/polyhydraminos
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Excess loss of fluid or decreased excretion.
polyhydraminois is caused by gastrointestinal abnormalities such as esophageal atresia, duodenal atresia, facial cleft, neck masses, and tracheoesophageal fistula |
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What is the ddx for not seeing a fluid filled stomach
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swallowing abnormalities
esophageal obstruction diaphragmatic hernia oligohydramnios (too little fluid) |
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How many types of tracheo-esophageal fistulas are there
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4
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What is the most common type of tracheo-esophageal fistula
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type 4
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When does T-E fistulas develop
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4-5 week from incomplete division of foregut
bronchogenic structures (like trachea) are ventral foregut and dorsal forgut is esophgeal. |
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Describe the most common TE fistula
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esophageal atresia (blind ending) with the other esophagus forming a fistula at the bifurcation of the trachea.
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What is the MCC of fetal small bowel obstruction
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doudenal atresia
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What is the cause of doudenal atresia
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failure of recanalization of the 2nd doudenum by the 11th week
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What percent of fetus have associated anomalies
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50%
(36% have cardiac anomalies) |
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What % of fetus with downs syndrome have doudenal atresia
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30%
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What is seen on fetal US in a baby with doudenal atresia
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dilated stomach and dilated doudenal bulb
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What is the 3rd MCC of bowel obstruction
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meconium in the distal ileum
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What is the result of an obstrution of the small bowel in a fetus
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a microcolon
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What percent of fetuses with cytstic fibrosis will have meconium ileus
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15%
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What percent of meconium peritonitis are associated with cystic fibrosis
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30%
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What causes meconium peritonitis
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this is caused by a rupture of small bowel.
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What causes meconium psuedocyst
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this is a sequela of meconium peritonitis and is walled off inflammation.
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What do you see on US in a fetus with meconium ileus
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there will be a large segment of bowel (not colon) that is dilated because it is full of meconium
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What are two types of abdominal wall defects
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gastroschisis and omaphalocele
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Describe a gastroschisis
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this is intestinal herniation through a defect in the anterior abdominal wall. It is usually on the right side and there is no sac
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What side does gastroschisis usually occur
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right side
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Is there a sac covering gastroschisis
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no
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If there is bowel loops freely floating in the amnoitic fluid what is it
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a gastroschisis
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What is the cause of omphalocele
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defect of the umbilical ring and medial segments of the two embryonic lateral abdominal wall folds.
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Does a omphalocele have a sac
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yes
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Does the the umbilical cord insert on a omphalocele
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yes, it inserts centrally
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What organ can be in a omphalocele
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the liver
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What is more common gastoschisis or omphalocele
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gastroschisis (1/10000)
Omphalocele (1/40000) |
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What percent of pt have associated abnormailities in gastroschsis and omphaloceles
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gastroschisis 7-30%
omphalocele 30-70% |
