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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The middle ages
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800-1400
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Renaissance
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1400-1600
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Baroque
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1600-1750
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Classical
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1750-1830
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Romantic
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1830-1900
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Polyphony
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having more than one voice
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Monophony
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having a single voice
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Heterophony
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a type of texture characterized by the simultaneous variation of a single melodic line
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Homophony
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musical texture based primarily on chords, in contrast to polyphony, which results from combinations of relatively independent melodies. In homophony, one part, usually the highest, tends to predominate and there is little rhythmic differentiation between the parts, whereas in polyphony, rhythmic distinctiveness reinforces melodic autonomy
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Modulation
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process of moving from one key area to another
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Counterpoint
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manner in which two or more melodic lines are combined and juxtaposed to produce pleasing and technically correct intermingling
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Cadence
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arrival at harmonic rest
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Recitative
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i opera and related genres, a vocal passage imitating the rhythms and inflections of speech often a recitative is followed by an aria. When crisply delivered and accompanied by simple chords in the continuo, the recitative is considered secco(dry); with orchestra it is accompagnato
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Aria
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composition for solo voice, usually a movement for a larger work.
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Opera seria
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Opera seria built upon the conventions of the High Baroque era by developing and exploiting the da capo aria, with its A-B-A form. The first section presented a theme, the second a complementary one, and the third a repeat of the first with ornamentation and elaboration of the music by the singer. As the genre developed and arias grew longer, a typical opera seria would contain not more than thirty musical movements
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Timbre
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tone color that distinguishes the character of an instrumental or vocal sound
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Alberti bass
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accompanimental figure for the left hand in keyboard music, named after the composer Dominic
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Basso continuo
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in Baroque music, a continuously sounding bass part over which the rest of the composition is built
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Melisma
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group of several pitches sung to a single syllable
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Passacaglia
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work built on an ostinato bass (or ground bass), often a descending chromatic bass
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Cadenza
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passage of improvisatory display for the soloist, especially in a concerto
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Word-painting
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(also known as tone painting or text painting) is the musical technique of writing music which reflects the literal meaning of a song
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Dissonance
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unpleasantness or instability perceived in certain intervals and chords
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Consonance
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musical stability as perceived in certain intervals and chords
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Chorale
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congregational hymn of the Lutheran church
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Ritornello
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recurring passage
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Canon
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musical procedure where a second voice is generated by following a rule
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Secco
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dry. Recitativo secco is recitative delivered rapidly in speech rhythms and accompanied by the continuo force or a keyboard instrument
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Accompagnato
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accompanied
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Sarabande
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a slow, stately Spanish dance in triple time
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Fugue
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one movement work in imitative counterpoint where theme is stated in each voice and and then subject are various treatment. Subject -> Answer
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Sonata
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Exposition- Start in tonic, home key. Ends in dominant
Development- General tonal experimentation of keys Recap- Restates themes, but ends on tonic so sounds conclusive |
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Minuet and trio
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Dance form
Triple meter 3/4 Baroque and classical Form: aabbccddab De capo |
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Rondo
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musical form in which the main section recurs between subsidiary episodes, often in an overall sonata pattern
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Fate motto
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Symph 5, fate motto in minor and ends in major
Symbolizes mans triumph over fate |
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Hildegard of Bingen
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Middle Ages
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Josquin Desprez
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Renaissance
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Johannes Ockeghem
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Renaissance
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William Byrd
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Renaissance
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Claudio Monteverdi
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Renaissance/Baroque
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John Dowland
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Baroque
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Henry Purcell
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Baroque
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J.S. Bach
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Baroque
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George Frideric Handel
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Baroque/Classical
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W.A. Mozart
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Classical
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Joseph Haydn
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Classical
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Ludwig van Beethoven
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Classical/Romantic
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"Summertime," from Porgy and Bess
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George Gershwin
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Kyrie eleison
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Hildegard of Bingen and anonymous
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Pange lingua
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Anonymous
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Sumer is icumen in
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Anonymous
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Agnus Dei, from Mass in 4 Parts
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William Byrd
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Déploration sur la mort de Johannes Ockeghem (motet)
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Josquin Desprez
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Agnus Dei, from "Zapotec" Mass
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Andréz Martinez
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Io mi son giovinetta (madrigal)
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Claudio Monteverdi
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Flow My Tears
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John Dowland
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Dido's Lament, from Dido and Aeneas
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Henry Purcell
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Double Concerto in D Minor, BWV 1043, movt. I
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J.S. Bach
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Fugue in C Minor from The Well-Tempered Clavier (book I)
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J.S. Bach
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"Badinerie" from Orchestral Suite No. 2 in B Minor, BWV 1067
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J.S. Bach
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excerpt from Cantata 80, Ein' feste Burg
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J.S. Bach
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excerpt from Messiah
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George Frideric Handel
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Eine kleine Nachtmusik, K. 525, movts. I, III
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W. A. Mozart
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from String Quartet in C Major ("Emperor"), movt. II
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Joseph Haydn
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from Piano Sonata in E-flat Major, Hob. XVI/49
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Joseph Haydn
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Piano Concerto No. 25 in C Major, K. 503, movt. I
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W. A. Mozart
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Symphony No. 40 in G Minor, K. 550, movt. I
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W. A. Mozart
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Symphony No. 5 in C Minor, op. 67
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Beethoven
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Gretchen am Spinnrade
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Franz Schubert
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from Carnaval
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Robert Schumann
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Mazurka in A Minor, op. 17, no. 4
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Fryderyk Chopin
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David's Lamentation
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William Billings
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Semper fidelis
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John Philip Sousa
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