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25 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Conflict

A problem in a narrative story that involves one or more of the characters.




Example: Narcissus missed his sister so very much that he wished he might die too.

Resolution

The part of a narrative story that concludes the conflict and resolves it in some way (positive or negative outcome).




Example: Narcissus looked at the face he saw reflected in the water, and mourned for his sister until, at last, the gods felt sorry for him and changed him into a flower.

Imagery/


Descriptive Language

Vivid descriptions that paint a picture of the way something looks, feels, smells, tastes, or sounds.




Example: The smell of earthworms and wet garbage mixed in my nostrils as I squished through dirty puddles.

Metaphor/Simile

A figure of speech that compares two unlike things. A metaphor gives a direct comparison, while a simile uses ‘like’ or ‘as’.




Example Metaphor: “her eyes were diamonds,” compares someone’s eyes to a sparkling diamond


Example Simile: “cute as a kitten,” compares the way someone looks to the way a kitten looks

Dialogue

A conversation between two or more people as a feature of a book, play, or movie.




Example: "It's a polite Chinese custom to show you are satisfied," explained my father to our astonished guests.

Alliteration

When a series of words in a row (or close to a row) have the same first consonant sound




Example 1: “She sells sea-shells down by the sea-shore.”


Example 2: “Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.”

Rhetorical Question

A question that requires no answer as it is obvious. Makes the reader think.




Example 1: Who knows why?




Example 2: Do we want our children growing up in a world with drug dealers on every corner?

Domain-Specific Vocabulary

Words that are specific to a content area such as math, science, or history.




Examples: isotope (in science); peninsula (in history); exponent (in math)





Onomatopoeia

A word that imitates the natural sound of a thing.


Example 1: The buzzing bee flew away.


Example 2: The books fell on the table with a loud thump.

Emotive Language

Adjectives or adverbs that relate to emotions.




Example: When she died, I felt so empty inside that I wanted to scream. I wished that everyone around me could hear the pain of my loss.

Compare/Contrast

A literary device in which a writer highlights the relationship between two people, places, things, or ideas.




Example 1: Life is like a race. The one who keeps running wins the race and the one who stops to catch a breath loses.


Example 2: Just as a sword is the weapon of a warrior, a pen is the weapon of a writer.

Repetition

Using the same words or phrases a few times to make an idea clearer.



Example 1: "I want her to live. I want her to breathe. I want her to aerobicize."


Example 2: "She's safe, just like I promised. She's all set to marry Norrington, just like she promised. And you get to die for her, just like you promised."

Rhyme Scheme

A pattern of words that end in the same sound (often found in poetry or songs).


Example: It was many and many a year ago,


In a kingdom by the sea,


That a maiden there lived whom you may know


By the name of Annabel Lee;


And this maiden she lived with no other thought


Than to love and be loved by me. -E. A. Poe, "Annabelle Lee"

line breaks/ stanzas

Use of visual "pauses" in a poem or song. Stanzas are sections of poetry separated by at least one blank line.




Example: Hold fast to dreams


For if dreams die


Life is a broken-winged bird


That cannot fly. -L. Hughes, "Dreams"

Slang

Words and phrases that are informal and more common in speech than writing. They are usually used by a particular group of people or in a specific, informal setting.




Example: “I can’t believe she went and told my father everything just to get me in trouble--what a hater.” (The slang term used here is “hater,”which refers to someone who is jealous or angry towards another person because of their success.)

Old-Fashioned Language

Words and phrases that are not in common use today.




Example: When thee hast found mi'lady, dost thou think she will come hither?

Personification

A figure of speech in which a thing, an idea, or an animal is given human attributes. The non-human objects are described in such a way that we feel they have the ability to act like human beings.


Example 1: The stars danced playfully in the moonlit sky.


Example 2: My computer throws a fit every time I try to use it.

In-Text Citation

A reference to the writer of a fact or quote from another source. In MLA format, the citation includes the author’s last name and the page number (Usually found in informative and persuasive texts).


Example: Romantic poetry is characterized by the "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" (Wordsworth 263).

Strong Thesis Statement

A short statement that includes the main claim and supporting reasons that will be discussed in an essay or research paper.




Example: Twinkies taste better than other snack cakes because of their texture, their creamy filling, and their golden appearance.

Claim

A statement of opinion that can be supported with facts.




Example 1: At least 25 percent of the federal budget should be spent on limiting pollution.


Example 2: Illegal drug use is detrimental to children.

Evidence (facts)

Statements of fact that support an opinion. May be quoted or paraphrased from a source, and should include correct in-text citation.




Example 1: Over 61% of Americans are overweight.


Example 2: Dr. Kenneth P. Moritsugu described the dangers of underage drinking: “Research shows that young people who start drinking by 15 are five times more likely to have alcohol-related problems later in life.”

Reason

Explanation of why an opinion is correct.




Example 1: Illegal drug use is detrimental to children because it encourages gang violence.




Example 2: Since teens enjoy staying up late and ignore their parents when their parents tell them to turn off their phones at bedtime, it makes no sense for parents to try to ban cell phones after midnight.

Counterclaim

An opinion that the author disagrees with.




Example: Others say that we should not spend our federal budget on reducing pollution because we are busy fighting a war.

Statistic

Number-based fact used as evidence.




Example 1: According to our recent poll, the President's approval ratings this week are 49%.




Example 2: Harvard's research indicates that 15 out of every 100 people are left-handed.

Hyperbole

Extreme exaggeration used for emphasis.




Example 1: I waited for the bus for like 3 hours yesterday! (it wasn't really 3 hours)




Example 2: This homework is killing me. (you aren't literally dead yet)