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63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a gilt?
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A F pig that has NOT had a litter
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What is a barrow?
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A Castrated M pig
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What is a sow?
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A F pig that has had 1/+ litters
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What is a boar?
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An Intact M
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What is a weaner? (not a wiener)
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A weaned pig
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What is a piglet?
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A pig still nursing the sow OR <3weeks old
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What is a shoat?
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A pig 50-120#
This term isn't commonly used anymore |
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What is a fat hog aka a finisher?
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A pig >120# going to market
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What is a feeder pig?
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A pig approximately 40-50# sold to a person finishing pigs
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What does farrow mean?
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To give birth to piglets
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What does parity mean?
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The number of times a sow has given birth
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What is a non-productive sow?
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A sow not lactating or pregnant
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What is a SEW program?
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Segregated Early Weaning
A program designed to move pigs at an early age (<3wks) away from other pigs |
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What is a MEW program?
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Medicated Early Weaning
Same as SEW except medication is used to control disease |
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What is a MMEW prgram?
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Modified Medicated Early Weaning
the same as MEW/SEW except that specific age/medication is used to control a specific disease(s) |
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What is a Two Site Production?
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Usually when the nursery through finisher phases are carried out on a site away from the sow herd (breeding, gestation, farrowing)
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What is a Three Site Production?
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Same as two site except that nursery is separated from grow-finish area
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What is Isowean?
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The registered trademark for SEW
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What does it mean to be an All in/All out facility?
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Pigs are moved through the production facilities in groups (usually by age) and rooms are emptied of pigs and usually cleaned and disinfected between groups
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What does it mean to be a wean-to-finish facility?
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Pigs are weaned and put directly into finisher building instead of a nursery. Pigs are usually weaned at less than 3 weeks of age
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What does it mean to Depop-Repop?
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Depopulation and subsequent repopulation of a swine unit, generally done to eradicate some disease or to change genetics
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What is PRDC?
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Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex - disease complex of grow/finish pigs that may have viral, bacterial, and mycoplasma components
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What is feedback?
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Parts of pigs are fed back to pigs
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What is a farrow to finish operation?
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An operation that does all phases of pig production from breeding to finishing
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What is a feeder pig finisher?
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Someone who finishes pigs for market
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What is a feeder pig producer?
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a person who breeds, farrows and then sells pigs to someone else to finish (either at the traditional 40-50# or weaners)
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What is a contract producer?
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Someone who raises pigs for someone else, can include all phases from farrowing to finishing
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What is a pure-bred producer?
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Someone who raises one of the “pure breeds”
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What is a breeding company?
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A company selling breeding stock (usually hybrid)
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What is a specialty/niche market producer?
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Someone who raises pigs for a speciality market such as “show pigs”, roasters, and producer/retailers
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What is vertical integration?
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The process of controlling all phases of production from breeding through slaughter and marketing of product
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Name the 6 major colored (dark) breeds.
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Duroc
Hampshire ("oreo pig") Poland Berkshire (6 white tips, BEST quality) Spot (rare) Pietran (very muscular) |
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What are dark breeds generally known for?
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Meat
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Name the 3 major white colored breeds.
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Yorkshire
Landrace Chester White |
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What do "-shire" named pigs have in common?
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Upright ears
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What are white breeds generally known for?
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Milk
"Milk is white" |
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What is a synthetic breed?
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Generally, hybrid lines put together by breeding companies for use in their breeding systems
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What is a terminal cross?
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Mating in which all offspring are sent to market
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What is a maternal cross?
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Mating in which female offspring are raised as replacements
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What is a rotational cross?
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Using 3 or 4 different pure breeds in cross breeding scheme to maximize heterosis
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What is heterosis?
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Increased vigor arising from the crossbreeding of different lines; hybrid vigor, better health
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What is a pyramid system?
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System of production in which all phases of production are kept within a certain disease/genetic/production system
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What does SPF mean?
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Specific Pathogen Free - System of production based on absence of specific diseases
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What is a primary SPF facility?
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A herd derived from c-section
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What is a secondary SPF facility?
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A herd derived from primary SPF stock
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What is the primary use for antibiotics in swine?
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Improving gain/feed efficiency
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Name the two state/federal law/programs requiring disease free status in the US.
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Pseudorabies
Brucellosis |
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T/F Pseudorabies has been eliminated from the US.
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False, it remains in the feral herd populations
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What are the 5 traditional disease free requirements in the US?
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Swine Dysentery
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Atrophic Rhinitis Lice Mange |
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What other diseases should be on your disease free list besides the traditionals and government required ones?
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Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae
Leptospirosis TGE Others (i.e., PRRSV) |
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What are factors to consider when choosing antibiotics for water administration? (5)
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Solubility
Palatability Residues Cost effectiveness Efficacy vs. pathogen |
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What are the three uses for feed-administered antibiotics in swine?
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Improving feed/gain efficiency
Treatment of disease Prevention |
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What are the two uses for water-administered antibiotics in swine?
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Treatment of disease
To prevent a major outbreak |
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What are some factors to consider when choosing antibiotics for feed administration? (5)
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Sulfas
Illegal substances (i.e., chloramphenicol) Trade markets Environmental contamination Cannot use extra-label meds in feed |
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What are criteria for treating individual pigs? (5)
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Cost of drug vs. animal
Withdrawal times Ease of administration If the animal will be marketable after treatment If the treatment is legal Vet/Client Relationship |
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Enrofloxacin (Baytril) is labelled for what use in swine and catle? Why is this important?
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Respiratory disease
Using it for other uses is illegal! |
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What are factors to consider for parenteral drug administration?
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Cost of drug vs. animal
Withdrawal times Ease of administration Marketability post treatment Legality |
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Name the 7 kinds of AVMA humane euthanasia in swine.
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Carbon Dioxide
Gunshot Captive bolt Electrocution Anesthetic overdose Blunt trauma Exsanguination |
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Which form of euthanasia is not considered humane alone?
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Exsanguination
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What are things to consider when selecting your needle size? (6)
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Route of administration
Size of the animal Number and frequency of injection Fluid characteristics Skill of injector Movement of the animal |
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What are things to consider when dealing with vaccine/drug handling and selection? (13)
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temperature
light dirt/dust multiple use vials contamination mixing storage area labeling VCPR federal vs. state vs. private labeling safety withdrawals costs |
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List advantages of multiple source pig operations versus a single source.
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$3-6 advantage
decreased feed medication costs decreased water medication costs improved performance |
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What is the multiplying factor to derive the "live price" from a "carcass price" ("Lean Value Index")?
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Carcass price X 0.74 = Live Price
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