Computer Basics

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desktop microcomputer

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a small computer based on a microprocessor

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workstation

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a desktop computer that is conventionally considered to be more powerful than a microcomputer

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laptop or notebook

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a portable computer small enough to use on ones lap

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supercomputer

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a mainframe computer that is among the largest fastest or most powerful of those available at a given time

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mainframe

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a large powerful computer often serving many connected terminals and usually used by large complex organizations

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server

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a computer that processes requests for html and other documents that documents that components of web pages

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handheld

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compact enough to be used or operated while being held in the hand or hands

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boot process

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boot strapping is the process of starting up a computer from a halted or powered-down condition

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input

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information that is created or collected and fed into the system

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binary code

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the base 2 number system used by the computer composed by the digits 0 and 1

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data

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facts used by a computer

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information

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processed stored or transmitted data

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output

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useful information that leaves the system i.e processed information

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CPU

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central processing unit. the part that interprets and executes instructions

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circuits

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a closed path followed or capable of being followed by an electric current. a configuration of electrically or electro magnetically connected components or devices

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silicon chip

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small crystal of a silicon semiconductor fabricated to carry out a number electronics functions in an integrated circuit

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pentium

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the name given to intel P5 chip the successor to the 80486 .the name was chosen because of difficulties intel had in trade making a number it suggest the number 5 while convering a meaning of like titanium among hackers

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RAM

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a memory device in witch information can be accessed in any order

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ROM

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memory hardware that allows fast access to permently stored data but prevents addition to or modifcation of the data

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bit

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a fundamental unit of information having just 2 possible values either binary digets 0 or 1

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byte

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a sequence of adjacent bits usually eight operated on as a unity by a computer

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kilobyte

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a unit of computer memory or data storage capacity eeqal to 1024 bytes. one thousand bytes

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megabytes

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a unit of computer memory or data storage capisty equal to 1048576 bytes

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Gigabytes

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a unit of computer memory or data storage capicty equal to 1024 mega bytes

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terabyte

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a unit of computer memory of data storage capacity equal to 1024 gigabytes

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storage devices

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a hardware device such as a hard disk or floppy disk used to recored and store data

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floppy disk

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a small plastic magnet disk enclosed in a stiff envelope with a radial slit used to store data programs for a microphone floppy disks are noted for their relatively slow speed and small capiacity and low price

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write protected

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to modify so thats its data cannot be edited or erased

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formatted

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the arrangement of data for storage or display or a method for achieving such an arrangement

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CD-R

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compact disc on witch you can write only once and thereafter is read-only

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CD-RW

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compact disc-rewriting you can write multiple times

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input devices

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any devices used to input data into the computer

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output devices

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device used when reading/looking @ outout

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pixals

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the basic unit of the composition of an image on a tv screen computer moniter or smiliar dsplay

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peripheral devices

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devices connected by cable to the COPU of a computer disk drivers and printers are important peripherals

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desktop

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the screen background icons and windows visible ont the computer screen

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taskbar

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a row of buttons or graphical controls on a computer screen that reperesents open programs among witch the user can switch the uback and forth by clicking back forth

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program

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a series of commands and executable files that produce and expected

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operating system software

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the master controller for all the activites that take place within a computer

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folder

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location a physical media where m

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multitasking

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when the computer has 2 or more apps open at one time and the user switches back and forth

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GUI

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graphics that will aid the user in accomplishing there task

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icons

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small graphics witch when clicked runs a program executes a command or opens a document

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menus

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a list or table of executable options

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application software

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spreadsheets databases and word processing programs that preform a specific function