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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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onset, peak, and duration times for insulin preparations
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rapid: O-15min, P-60/90min, D- 3/5hrs. Lispro/aspart/glulisine
short: O-30/60min, P-2/4h, D- 6/8hrs, regular intermediate: O-1/2h, P-6/10h, D-12+hrs. NPH/Lente long-acting: Ultralente O-4/6h, P-18h, D-24+h glargine O-1.5h, P-flat, D-24+h |
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Premixed insulin prep
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70/30 70%NPH, 30%regulat
75/25 75% NPH 25% lispro |
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Delivery systems for insulin
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syringe-subcut, abdomin, rotate sites, hypertrophy
pen-conveinent and discrete, hole either 150 or 300cc. pumps-alternative to shots, catheter infusion set into subcut tissue, holds only rapid acting insulin |
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Two Modes of Delivery by pumps
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basal rate-constant flow, replaces long use insulin, run automatically, pts needs
bolus-hits button, before meal, for high fate meals, good for slow digestion meals |
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Pumps: Pros and Cons
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pros: more flexible lifestyle, better control, matchs individual needs, must be motivated, keep records, be able to problem solve
Cons: high cost, training and monitoring pt. infection, DKA risks, interruption in delievery leads to DKA |
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benefits of carbohydrate counting
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carb consistance is nessisary for proper insulin dosing. couted by gram, or by exchanges.
significantly inproves glycemia in those with insulin resistance |
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Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose
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essentail, efficacy of therapy and management of disease. pts recieve training for managment strategies
times to check: fasting, before meals, 1-2hrs after meals for peak postprandial value, Occasionally at 2-3am, before and after exercise, when drinking record keeping: patterns of control used for problem solving, treatment adjustments |
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Blood Glucose Targets
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preprandial 90-130
postprandial 140-180 bedtime 110-150 |
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Causes of delayed hypoglycemia after excerised. 2 prevention strategies
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increased insulin sensitivity, increased glucose disposal by muscles, and deplete liver and muscle glycogen stores, effect glycemic control.
glycogen repleation and increased insulin sensitivity at muscle. 1. reduce insulin doses for planned exercise. 2. consume additional carbs. |
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treatment of hypoglycemia
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15g carb
15 min wait and recheck glucose 15g carb (if needed) NO HIGH FAT, Delays digestion |
