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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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BPH tx |
Tamulosin a-blocker Finasteride 5-a-reductase inhibitor TURP |
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Pyelonephritis tx |
10-14 days co-trimoxazole or ciprofloxacin |
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Urolithiasis tx |
Tamulosin a-blocker Surgical >1cm or causing obstruction Extracorporeal shockwave lithiasis |
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Epididymo-orchitis tx |
UTI ciprofloxacin STI GUM clinic and floxacin |
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Prostatitis tx |
Chronic tamulosin Acute ciprofloxacin |
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Reactive arthritis: - Presentation - triad - rhyme |
2-4wks post UTI/GI infection. Usually single lower limb joint affected +/- malaise/fever Reiter's triad: conjunctivitis, urethritis, reactive arthritis Can't see, pee, climb a tree |
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Rheumatoid arthritis: typical presentation |
symmetrical polyarthritis with morning stiffness |
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vitreous haemorrhage presentation |
sudden, painless loss of vision +/- "red hue" Worse in morning |
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Acute closed-angle glaucoma |
sudden vision loss with severe pain and red eye. systemic upset. hypermetropia (long-sightedness) is a risk factor |
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Calculating % burns |
Palm and fingers = 1%. Simple erythema doesn't count. |
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De Quervain's thyroiditis: - preceding - features |
Usually after URTI. hyperthyroidism, tender goitre. May become hypo after |
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Views of the heart: V1-6 |
V1/2 - septal V3/4 - anterior V5/6 - lateral |
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Molluscum contagiosum: - presentation -cause |
clusters of papules with central pit (umbilicated) poxvirus |
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Types of breathing: -vesicular - bronchial -wheeze -stridor -crackles |
v: normal b: areas of consolidation w: polyphonic (multiple musical noises due to narrow airways) or monophonic (1 sound due to fixed obstruction) s: expiratory wheeze - obstruction c: opening of small airways. secretions or fibrosis. |
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Simmond's test Buerger's test Thomas' test Gower's sign |
S: calf squeeze to check for achilles tendon B: arterial insufficiency - leg raised then lowered - leg should go pale then pink again T: hip exam G: neuromuscular disease - climb up to standing on thighs |
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atypical bacterial pneumonia tx (legionella/chlam etc) |
doxycycline |
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pulsus paradoxus |
decrease in pulse rpressure >10mmHg during inspiration. tamponade, pericarditis, PE, acute asthma |
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Mechanism of: - metformin - Sulphonyureas |
M (biguanides): improve insulin sensitivity, encourage glucose uptake by skeletal muscle, inhibits gluconeogenesis of the liver. S: stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells |
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Anaphylaxis: -blood tests - hypersensitivity type - acute management |
Mast cell tryptase 1-2hrs after onset to confirm. Type 1 hypersensitivity. 0.5ml adrenaline IM 1/1,000 Hydrocortisone 200mg IV |
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Difference between Osler nodes and Janeway lesions |
Janeway - painless blanching macules on the (hypo)thenar eminence osler - Painful raised lesions typically on pads of fingers both associated with infective endocarditis. |
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initial ACS management |
MOAN Morphine 100mg IV & metoclopramide 100mg Aspirin 300mg loading -> 75mg Nitrates (GTN) if not hypotensive |
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antiplatelet medication for ACS |
Prasugrel (best but highest bleeding risk) Ticagrelor (higher bleeding risk) clopi (if already anticoagulated) |
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STEMI ECG and arteries affected |
II, III, aVF - inferior, RCA I, V5 - Lateral, Circumflex |
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Pulmonary HTN consequence |
RHF due to backflow into RV |
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mrc breathlessness scale |
1: only strenuous exercise 2: uphill 3: stop every 15min 4: stop every 100 yards 5:too breathless to leave house |
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Causes of erythema nodosum |
IBD - Crohns or UC pneumonia TB sarcoidosis |
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normal BMI range Normal INR range |
18-25 2-3 |
