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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the key to testudines sucess |
shell |
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which way does a Cryptodira retracts
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vertically
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how does a cryptodiras neck bend |
Neck bends into an Sshape
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how does a Pleurodira withdraw
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horizontally |
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shell morphology |
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Terrestrial turtles
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- High dome + elephant feet
– Lower dome + burrowing forefeet – Primarily Testudinidae |
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Aquatic or mixedturtles
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– Lower
– More streamlined ifthey are swimmers – Flippers – Many families |
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what is the origin of s turtles shell |
Permian |
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shell |
-Fusion of ribs &vertebrae
– Impacts respiration |
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Eunotosaurus and early vertebrae
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-9 overlapping ribs -loss of intercoastal muscles -9 broadened ribs results from out growth of subdermal bone from perichondrium -paired gastralia lacking lateral and medial elements -Elongationof vertebrae -Increasingflexibility ofneckvertebrae |
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Rigid rib cage causes |
restricted breathing = specialrespiratory muscles
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how is air drawn in |
by Pulling body contents outward toward openings atfront and rear of shell |
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how is air expelled |
by Pushing viscera up against the lungs
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Ecology & Behavior
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• Long‐lived, low replacement rate
• Thermoregulation – Water to log, shade to sun – Larger body sizes = thermal inertia – marine turtles = ~endothermy due to activity andcountercurrent blood flow |
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social behavior |
tactile, visual, olfactory
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what mode of reproduction are testudines |
Oviparous
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how long does it take for them to develop |
40‐60 days fordevelopment
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dry moisture |
shorter, smaller,more yolk
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Moist
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longer, larger,less yolk, stronger,faster
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sex of the young is determined by what |
temperature |
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Type 1
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↑ temps = ♂
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Type 2
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↑ temps = ♀
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Type 3:
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: ↑↓ temps = ♀
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Strategies toreduce predation
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– Simultaneousnesting andhatching
– Concealment byyoungsters |
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Turtle Conservation
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• Slow growth, delayedmaturity = vulnerable toextinction– Long lives– Low reproduction
• Exploitation & Bycatch– Turtles as food andmedicine– Accidental catch & “ghost”fishery • Contaminants & pollution |
