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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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limbic system
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facilitator of communication b/w hypothalamus and rest of CNS, including processing of emotional stimuli and endocrine activity
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clinical problems involving the limbic system
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PTSD
depression/mania sleep/memory disorders menstrual cycle disorders erectile dysfunction stress disorders (HTN) psychoneuroimmunology disorders |
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hypothalamus borders
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anterior- optic chiasm
posterior- caudal border of mammillary bodies inferiorly- creates floor of 3rd ventricle |
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stored in and released from posterior pit
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oxytocin and vasopressin
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hypothalamic functions
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endocrine- hormone production and reg
ANS reg biorhthyms thermal and osmotic reg drives- hunger, thirst, libido emotions- fear, rage, elation networking link |
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secretory product of neurosecretory cells of hypothalamus released into
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hypophyseal portal vascular system
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where hypothalamic hormones are released into the blood to reach the anterior pit
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median eminence
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90% of NTs that are biogenic amines are in the
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hypothalamus, medial forebrain bundle, and RAS
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most important NTs for neural reg of hormone release
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noradrenaline, dopamine, and serotonin
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Neurosec. cell input options
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hormone --> NS cell
hormone --> ass. neuron --> NS cell afferent neuron --> NS cell |
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posterior pit. (neurohypophysis) derived from
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embryonic neural ectoderm as an evagination of diencephalon floor
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post. pit connected neurally to hypothalamus by
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pituitary stalk
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derived from non-neural ectoderm from roof of the mouth
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anterior and intd. pit.
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ant. pit connected to hypothalamus by
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hypophyseal portal vascular system
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most ant. pit hormones show this type of secretion
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sleep related surges
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cortisol release
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greater in morning and moderate release during rest of day
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hypothalamic center for biorhthyms
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suprachiasmatic nucleus
primary pws are serotonergic |
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mania
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increased NE and serotonin
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depression
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low levels of NE and serotonin
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neural substrate regulating emotion
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limibic system
thalamic nuclei |
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hypothalamic connections to cortex
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limited but sufficient
permit conscious states to infuence endocrine function: motivation, emotion, memory, personality traits, language, senses |
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clinical depression frequently linked to
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increased CRH, cortisol, prolactin with absence of nocturnal surge, insulin sensitivity
decreased thyroid hormone and estrogen |
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adult anxiety and depression appear to be predisposed by
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genetic CRH hyper-responsiveness
chronic CRH elevation in childhood |
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chronic social deprivation leads to
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anxiety
depression increased CRH and CRH receptors |
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NE, Dopamine, and serotonin play role in
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mood and attitude
cognition and behavior motivation and reward drug abuse control of hypothalamic hormone secretion integration of psychological state and endocrine function |
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prolactin actions
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lactation; prostate/testis regulation
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TRH actions
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causes release of TSH and prolactin
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oxytocin actions
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muscle contraction in uterus and mammary glands
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