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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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O - no suffix required eg: (öğrenci = student ), (O öğrenci = he/she/it is a student) |
He/she/it (is) |
No suffix needed for O |
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Ben - small vowel harmonies (to say "I am" or "I'm" )
a,ı ➡ ım e,i ➡ im o,u➡ um ö,ü➡ üm
🔹once added to a word this suffix means "I'm" or "also", so it is not necessary use "ben" ie: (öğrenci = student), (Ben öğrenciyim = I am a student), (Öğrenciyim = I'm a student) |
🔹once added to a word this suffix means "I'm" or "also", so it is not necessary use "ben" ie: (Ben öğrenciyim = I am a student), (Öğrenciyim = I'm a student) |
Suffix required |
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Biz - small vowel harmonies to say "we" "we are" a,ı ➡ ız e,i ➡ iz o,u➡ uz ö,ü➡ üz 🔹biz not necessary once suffix has been added to the word. eg: (öğrenci = student), (biz öğrenciyiz = we are students), (Öğrenciyiz = we're students) |
We |
Suffix required |
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Sen - small vowel harmonies to say "you are". Single or informal a,ı ➡ sın e,i ➡ sin o,u➡ sun ö,ü➡ sün 🔹sen is not necessary when suffix has been added to the word. eg: (öğrenci = student), (sen öğrencisin = you are a student), (öğrencisin = you're a student) 🔹there are exceptions to this rule. 🔸When a word ends with a soft L with the harder sounding vowel immediately before it (a,ı,o,u) the softer vowel harmony is used. (usually these words are of arabic or english origin). 🔸eg: meşgul - the vowel harmony rule would indicate that "sun" should be used, however due to the soft L we use the softer counter part instead giving us "meşgulsün". 🔸Another example is the word "normal". Although english in origin it is pronounced "normahl" with a softer L meaning instead of the "sın" indicated by the vowel harmony rule we instead use the softer counter part giving us "normalsin" |
You - single / informal |
Suffix required |
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Siz - small vowel harmonies to say "you are". The "plural you" or "polite you" a,ı ➡ sınız e,i ➡ siniz o,u➡ sunuz ö,ü➡ sünüz 🔹siz is not necessary once suffix has been added to the word. eg (öğrenci = student), (siz öğrencisiniz = you are a student/you are students), (öğrencisiniz = you are a student/you are students) 🔹there are exceptions to this rule. Words ending in soft L sound require the soft counter parts. ie normal (pronouced normahl) would require "sınız" according to the soft vowel harmony rule, however due to the soft pronunciation of the L we instead use the soft counterpart "siniz" giving us normalsiniz |
You - plural / polite / formal |
Suffix required |
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Onlar - big vowel harmony to say "they are". Plural for people/animals only
a,ı,o,u ➡ lar or onlar (pronounced lash) e,i,ö,ü➡ ler (pronounced lesh) |
They/they are - plural only for people and animals |
Suffix required |
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small vowel harmonies rule before suffixes added a,ı ➡ ı e,i ➡ i o,u➡ u ö,ü➡ ü When adding suffixes: 🔹use the last vowel of the word to find the correct vowel to begin suffix 🔹if the word ends in a vowel add a 'y' before the suffix |
When adding suffixes: 🔹use the last vowel of the word to find the correct vowel to begin suffix🔹if the word ends in a vowel add a 'y' before the suffix |
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