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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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grading?
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measure of malignancy or the rate at which a tumor grows
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staging?
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size of lesion
extent in regional lymph nodes presence or absence of metastasis |
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Paget's disease of the breast?
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cancer enters the ducts and spreads through the intraepithiliem
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Kukenberg tumor
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stomach cancer getting in the abdominal cavity and spreading to ovaries
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why can some cancers recur after many years?
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due to the survival of the dormant tumor cells
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What are HI60 cells?
what happens when exposed to DMSO, retinoic acid? tpa, Vit D? |
HI60 - type of myeloid leukemia cells
- neutrophil-like - monocyte-like |
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what are 3 stages of spread?
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1. invasion - laminin receptors to attach to basement membrane -- release collagenase and enter lymph or blood vessels
2. circulation - can travel single or bunches 3. metastasis - invade other body organs by ligand specific receptors |
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where does breast cancer likely metastasize to?
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lung, liver and bone marrow
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defense at normal cell stage?
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IFN, drug metabolizing enzymes and repair enzymes
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defense at preneoplastic stage?
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immune responses
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defense at neoplastic stage?
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basement membrane
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