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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chromosomes are... |
Coiled up lengths of DNA molecules |
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When a cell divides by mitosis it makes... |
2 cells identical to the original cell (Each new cell has the same number of chromosomes as the original cell) |
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The cell clycle makes... |
New cells for growth and repair |
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The stage of the cell cycle when the cell divides is called? |
Mitosis |
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What do multicellular organisms use mitosis to... |
Grow or replace damaged cells |
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Some organisms use mitosis to... |
Reproduce |
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What's the name of the the reproduction that uses mitosis? |
Asexual reproduction |
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In interphase the DNA is all... |
Spread out in long strings |
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Before it divides the cell has to (interphase) |
Grow & Increase the amount of subcellular structures. E.g. Mitochondria, ribosomes |
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After the cell has grown more subcelluar structures, the cell then... |
Duplicates it's DNA |
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The DNA is copied and forms... |
'X'-Shaped chromosomes |
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Each arm of the 'X'-Shaped chromosome is... |
An exact duplicate of the other |
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What 4 stages is Mitosis broken down into: |
1) Prophase 2) Metaphase 3) Anaphase 4) Telophase |
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Step 1 of mitosis? |
Prophase |
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Step 2 of mitosis? |
Metaphase |
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Step 3 of mitosis? |
Anaphase |
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Step 4 of mitosis |
Telophase |
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What happens in Prophase? |
The chromosomes condense, getting shorter and fatter. The membrane around the nucleus breaks down and the chromosomes lie free in the cytoplasm. |
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What happens in Metaphase? |
The chromosomes line up at the centre of the cell. |
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What happens during Anaphase? |
Cell fibres pull the chromosomes apart. The two arms of each chromosome go to opposite ends of the cell. |
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What happens during Telophase? |
Membranes form around each of the sets of chromosomes. These become the nuclei of the two new cells - the nucleus has divided. |
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What happens before Telophase ends? |
The cytoplasm and cell membrane divide to form two separate cells - this process is called cytokinesis |
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At the end of mitosis, the cell has produced...? |
Two new daughter cells |
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The daughter cells are... |
Genetically identical diploid cells. (Also genetically identical to the parent cell) |
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How do you calculate the number of cells there'll be after multiple divisions? |
The formula you need is: Number of cells = 2n (where n is number of divisions by mitosis) |
